Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Năng lượng

A COMPARISON OF NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES FOR ULTRA SHORT TERM WIND POWER FORECASTING: A CASE STUDY OF THAI HOA WIND FARM IN BINH THUAN

Đặng Thành Trung — 2025-09-30

This paper proposes a comparison of three types of artificial neural networks, including the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP), the radial basis function (RBF) neural network, and the Elman neural network, for ultra-short-term forecasting of wind turbine power generation. Experimental results, based on the power generation data from the 5MW wind turbines at the Thai Hoa, Binh Thuan wind farm, indicate that the multilayer perceptron neural network achieves optimal computational speed and accuracy. This research helps to provide a suitable method for the ultra-short-term forecasting of wind turbine power generation in cases with limited computational capacity and input data

AUTOMATIC SOLAR PANEL ORIENTATION SYSTEM WITH INTEGRATED MONITORING AND CONTROL USING IOT

Hoàng Anh Dũng — 2025-09-30

The automatic solar panel orientation system with integrated monitoring and control using IoT is an intelligent monitoring and control system for solar panels, developed to optimize solar radiation capture efficiency through an automatic two-axis adjustment mechanism. The system uses an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller combined with ESP8266 to collect data from sensors, communicate via the MQTT protocol, and monitor in real-time on the HiveMQ Cloud platform. The panel orientation mechanism is controlled by two SG90 servos based on data from four photoresistor light sensors, allowing the system to automatically position itself towards the strongest light (Auto mode). Additionally, the system supports manual control (Manual) via a Node-RED Dashboard interface, enabling users to directly adjust the X and Y axis angles using sliders. The solar panel orientation system utilizes seven types of environmental and performance sensors: DHT11 (temperature, humidity), TSL2561 (light intensity), MPU6050 (tilt angle), VEML6070 (UV radiation), and INA3221 (instantaneous voltage, current, and power for both a fixed and an automatically oriented panel), to provide comprehensive data on environmental conditions and system operation. Data is packaged in JSON format and transmitted via UART communication between Arduino and ESP8266, ensuring scalability and integration with other IoT monitoring systems. The system is designed to be compact, low-power, and easy to deploy, suitable for educational applications, IoT research, as well as the development of smart and sustainable energy solutions in practice

EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF VIBRATION EFFECTS ON QUADROTOR TILT ANGLE ESTIMATION USING A KALMAN FILTER AND MPU6050 SENSOR

Dương Mạnh Hùng — 2025-09-30

In most commercial quadrotor systems, the control boards are pre-integrated as closed systems, limiting user access to internal parameters and customization for specific applications or harsh operating conditions. To address this limitation and advance the capability to design custom control systems, this study introduces an experimental model implemented on a three-axis rotational stand. The platform enables investigation of attitude dynamics and development of control algorithms for angular motion channels of a quadrotor model. Angular orientation is measured using the MPU6050 sensor an integrated accelerometer and gyroscope and processed by a cost-effective STM32F303CCT6 microcontroller. The experimental setup is also employed to tune parameters of the Kalman filter, facilitating evaluation of the algorithm’s performance under real-world operating conditions. The proposed system serves as a foundation for customized controller design and is well-suited for educational and research purposes in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control

ENHANCING INDOOR LOCALIZATION ACCURACY FOR MOBILE ROBOTICS

Bùi Thị Duyên — 2025-09-30

This paper presents a proposal for an antenna design intended for use on mobile robots that require localization, with the goal of improving the accuracy of indoor object positioning systems. The system employs a smart antenna as the transmitter, where the antenna array consists of seven fixed directional beams. Object position estimation is based on a pattern analysis technique. The paper investigates different antenna types suitable for mobile robots and proposes an optimal antenna configuration to achieve high localization accuracy. The system was experimentally deployed in a cluttered laboratory environment with human activity, and achieved a positioning error as low as 0.72 m

DỰ ĐOÁN SUY HAO ĐƯỜNG TRUYỀN KHÔNG TRUNG - MẶT ĐẤT ĐA TẦN SỐ CHO UAV SỬ DỤNG HỌC MÁY

Duong Thi Hang — 2025-09-30

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a promising solution for modern wireless communication systems due to their flexibility, mobility, and ease of deployment. However, ensuring reliable air-to-ground (A2G) communication requires accurate channel modeling to support efficient power control and system planning. This study proposes a robust path loss prediction framework for A2G communication links using machine learning techniques, specifically the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) regression algorithm. The model is trained and evaluated using a publicly available dataset, with a focus on urban environments and tested across three carrier frequencies: 1 GHz, 2 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. Comparative evaluations against conventional A2G models demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves lower standard errors and narrower confidence intervals. These results highlight the model’s capability to deliver accurate path loss predictions, underscoring its potential for improving the reliability and performance of UAV-based communication systems, particularly in dense urban scenarios

ENHANCING INDOOR LOCALIZATION ACCURACY FOR MOBILE ROBOTICS

Nguyễn Ngọc Văn — 2026-02-10

ĐIỀU KHIỂN BÁM QUỸ ĐẠO CHO ROBOT DI ĐỘNG SỬ DỤNG ĐIỀU KHIỂN MỜ MAMDANI DƯỚI TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA NHIỄU

Van Vuong Dinh — 2025-09-30

Bài báo này trình bày một chiến lược điều khiển mờ nhằm mục tiêu bám quỹ đạo cho robot di động dẫn động vi sai hoạt động trong môi trường có nhiều bất định. Một hệ suy luận mờ kiểu Mamdani được thiết kế với ba bộ điều khiển mờ độc lập để hiệu chỉnh sai số bám theo về vị trí và phương hướng. Bộ điều khiển sử dụng các hàm thành viên dạng tam giác cùng với một tập luật suy luận gọn nhẹ nhằm đảm bảo tính đơn giản và hiệu quả tính toán. Hiệu suất của phương pháp đề xuất được đánh giá thông qua mô phỏng trong cả hai điều kiện: không có nhiễu và có nhiều nhiễu. Trong trường hợp danh định, robot bám sát quỹ đạo hình sin đã được định trước với sai số xác lập nhỏ. Khi chịu tác động của các nhiễu bên ngoài, bộ điều khiển mờ vẫn duy trì khả năng bám quỹ đạo chính xác và tín hiệu điều khiển bị giới hạn, thể hiện độ bền vững và khả năng thích nghi cao. Phương pháp này không phụ thuộc vào mô hình động lực học chính xác của robot, từ đó tăng tính khả thi khi triển khai trong thực tế. Các kết quả thu được khẳng định tiềm năng của điều khiển mờ như một giải pháp hiệu quả cho bài toán dẫn đường robot di động trong điều kiện bất định

NO2 GAS SENSING PROPERTIES OF RHOMBUS-SHAPED ZnO NANORODS SYNTHESIZED VIA A SIMPLE HYDROTHERMAL METHOD

Lưu Hoàng Minh — 2025-09-30

In this study, rhombus-shaped ZnO nanorods were successfully synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method for potential application in toxic NO₂ gas sensing. The crystal structure and morphology of the material were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, revealing a relatively large specific surface area of 8.67 m²/g. A gas sensor fabricated via a drop-coating technique using the synthesized material exhibited high sensitivity to NO₂ in the low concentration range of 0.1–2.0 ppm at an optimal operating temperature of 200 °C, along with excellent selectivity against interfering gases. Moreover, the sensor demonstrated good repeatability over eight consecutive switching cycles between NO₂ and dry air without significant degradation in response, indicating its strong potential for use in environmental NO₂ monitoring systems

A FOURTH-ORDER SIW BANDPASS FILTER WITH OPTIMIZED PASSBAND PERFORMANCE FOR MILLIMETER-WAVE APPLICATIONS

Trong Hieu Le — 2025-09-30

This paper presents the design of a four-order substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter optimized for millimeter-wave wireless applications. SIW technology balances loss, cost, and integration capabilities while achieving high selectivity and a compact form factor in RF/Microwave filter design. Since SIW primarily operates in the dominant TE₁₀ mode, the electric field E has a maximum value located on the vertical central plane and along the propagation direction. Therefore, the central plane can be considered an equivalent magnetic wall. The proposed filter is composed of four SIW resonators connected in series. The simulated results show that the fourth-order SIW filter has a center frequency of 26 GHz with 3 dB bandwidth of about 4.67 GHz. The achieved minimum insertion loss in the passband is 1.1 dB, and return loss is better than 20 dB. The passband ripple is significant reduced to below 1dB, while the out-band rejection is better than 20 dB from 22 to 23.1 GHz which improved the selectivity of the filter. This filter is suitable for millimeter-wave wireless systems such as 5G, automotive radar, and satellite communication due to its high selectivity, low loss, and compact size

INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF FLUX BARRIERS ON THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE AND TORQUE IN A SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MOTOR

Hai Linh Dinh — 2025-09-30

The Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) is a type of electric motor that operates on the principle of reluctance. The rotor of SynRM has no windings or permanent magnets. SynRMs are used in various applications: industrial drives, pumps and fans, compressors, HVAC systems. However, the disadvantage of SynRM is high vibration and noise. The electromagnetic force is the main component causing motor vibration. The electromagnetic parameters are calculated to minimize the radial electromagnetic force, which will reduce the vibration and noise, vibration, and harshness of the motor. The number and parameter of flux-barier determines the harmonic amplitude of electromagnetic force. This article aims analyzes the force density and harnomic electromagnetic force of the SynRM motor with 36 stator slot and 4 rotor poles. The electromagnetic forces are calculated by finite element method. Investigation of the influence of different flux barrier dimensions on the radial force and torque ripple of the SynRM. The results show that the dimensions of the magnetic flux barriers are parameters that have a direct impact on the electromagnetic force and torque of the SynRM. Optimizing the flux barrier dimensions can significantly reduce the torque ripple of the SynRM

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICITY MARKET CRISES AND POLICY LESSONS FOR VIETNAM

Nguyễn Thị Như Vân — 2025-09-30

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of three typical electricity market crises worldwide: the 2021 Texas crisis caused by Hurricane Uri, the 2022 suspension of the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM), and the European energy crisis during the 2021-2023 period. The study employs a case analysis methodology to identify the causes, impacts, and remedial measures of each crisis. The results demonstrate that all three crises originated from a combination of extreme weather factors, inappropriate market design, and insufficient contingency mechanisms. The Texas crisis resulted in $195 billion in damages and 210 deaths due to 48% of power generation capacity becoming inoperative. Australia was forced to suspend the entire NEM market when electricity prices exceeded control thresholds. Europe experienced a prolonged crisis with electricity prices increasing by 1000% due to geopolitical conflicts. The lessons learned include: the need to improve resilience against extreme weather, design appropriate pricing mechanisms, develop flexible sources, and strengthen international cooperation. For Vietnam, the study proposes a roadmap for electricity market reform aimed at increasing flexibility, diversifying supply sources, and completing the legal framework

UNIT COMMITMENT PROBLEM FOR POWER SYSTEMS INTEGRATED WITH HYDROGEN ENERGY STORAGE CONSIDERING RENEWABLE ENERGY UNCERTAINTY AND POWER LOSS CONSTRAINTS

Nguyễn Quốc Anh — 2025-09-30

Unit Commitment (UC) is a critically important task in power system operation, aiming to meet load demand while satisfying technical and safety constraints, and minimizing the total operational cost of the system. This scheduling task becomes even more essential with the increasing integration of new types of power generation into the grid, alongside traditional power sources—such as renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems. Although RES offer advantages such as environmental friendliness and an almost inexhaustible supply, they still pose significant challenges due to their inherent uncertainty, which complicates system operation. Given the diversity of generation sources and their unique characteristics, developing a detailed and optimal model for the UC problem is necessary. In this study, a day-ahead unit commitment model is proposed for a power system that integrates various generation sources, including thermal power, solar power, wind power, and a hydrogen energy storage system (HESS). The model incorporates the uncertainty of RES and considers power losses in the grid. The proposed approach is applied to the IEEE 24-bus test system to enhance practicality and demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model

TRAJECTORY AND POWER OPTIMIZATION FOR UAV-ASSISTED COMMUNICATION USING RANDOM SEARCH ALGORITHM

Duong Thi Hang — 2026-03-09

Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đề xuất một khung tối ưu đồng thời quỹ đạo bay và công suất phát cho hệ thống thông tin có UAV hỗ trợ sử dụng giao thức chuyển tiếp giải mã–chuyển tiếp (Decode-and-Forward, DF). Mục tiêu là cực đại hóa tốc độ truyền tích lũy trong khi vẫn đảm bảo các ràng buộc công suất phát tức thời và ràng buộc cơ động của UAV. UAV di chuyển từ vị trí khởi đầu xác định đến điểm đích cố định và đóng vai trò là trạm chuyển tiếp trên không giữa nguồn và đích mặt đất. Một thuật toán dựa trên Tìm kiếm Ngẫu nhiên (Random Search – RS) được xây dựng để đồng thời tối ưu quỹ đạo UAV và phân bổ công suất theo từng bước thời gian rời rạc. Phương pháp đề xuất được so sánh với phương pháp chuẩn trong đó UAV bay theo đường thẳng và sử dụng công suất cực đại cố định. Kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy phương pháp RS giúp cải thiện hiệu suất phổ tích lũy 14,58% so với phương pháp chuẩn, đồng thời thỏa mãn đầy đủ các ràng buộc vật lý và giảm công suất phát trung bình. Kết quả này khẳng định tính hiệu quả và độ phức tạp tính toán thấp của phương pháp đề xuất đối với hệ thống thông tin không dây có UAV hỗ trợ trong môi trường có suy hao phụ thuộc vị trí