A mini review on role of macro- and micronutrients in managing intrapancreatic fat deposition
Tóm tắt
The increasing prevalence of obesity has drawn attention to intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD), a condition associated with metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. Although initially linked to general obesity, IPFD is now recognized in non-obese individuals, with its prevalence often underestimated due to the absence in International Classification of Diseases. Chemical shift-encoded magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the preferred method for non-invasive quantification of IPFD, providing insights into its role in metabolic dysfunctions, including insulin resistance and lipotoxicity. This rapid review explored the pathophysiology of IPFD, focusing on fatty infiltration and replacement mechanisms, and discussed how dietary factors can influence their progression and management. Recent studies on macronutrient and micronutrient intake in relation to IPFD, particularly those using chemical shift-encoded MRI, were reviewed to identify dietary contributors and their metabolic impacts. Among macronutrients, excessive monosaccharide intake linked to worse outcomes, while resistant starch and monounsaturated fats showed protective effects. Micronutrients like manganese, selenium, iodine, and vitamins B3, B6, B12, and folate demonstrated significant metabolic benefits. Further research is needed to identify other dietary contributors and develop effective targeted nutritional interventions to reduce the burden of IPFD.
