Fire and explosion prevention in electric vehicle charging station installations: current conditions, risks, and integrated solutions

Abstract

This article provides an overview of the current state of fire prevention in electric vehicle (EV) charging station installations, identifying key risk sources related to high-power electrical systems, lithium-ion batteries, heat buildup, equipment failures, and network-physical vulnerabilities, while proposing integrated solutions for safer deployment and operation. The paper synthesizes discussions based on existing literature and considers current conditions, major fire hazards, and prevention measures from an integrated engineering perspective, encompassing infrastructure design, electrical protection, thermal management, monitoring, maintenance, emergency preparedness, and cybersecurity. Effective fire prevention at EV charging facilities requires a systems engineering approach, where safety design, battery-centric charging control, real-time anomaly detection, operational discipline, emergency preparedness, and digital resilience are implemented in a coordinated manner./.