Khmer pagoda gates in An Giang: typological characteristics and symbolic meanings.

Abstract

This article examines Khmer pagoda gates in An Giang from the perspectives of typology and symbolism. Based on documentary research, architectural description, and a visual comparison of the image series from Figures 2.95 to 2.113 in Vo Tuan Em’s thesis, the study identifies four main gate types: triangular tower gates, circular or lotus-bud domed gates, three-spire lotus-bud gates, and five-spire lotus-bud gates. The findings show that the gate is not merely an entrance but also a structure that defines sacred space and condenses the symbolic language of Theravada Khmer Buddhism through lotus motifs, Bodhi leaves, towers, Naga, Reahu, Garuda, and ornamental patterns. Khmer pagoda gates therefore function as markers of cultural memory and community identity in An Giang.