Tạp chí Khoa học - Trường Đại học Sư phạm Hà Nội: Khoa học Xã hội

ESTIMATING THE DIFFERENCES OF POVERTY BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA ACCORDING TO THE MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY APPROACH: A CASE STUDY IN NGHE AN PROVINCE, VIETNAM

Nguyen Thi Trang Thanh, Tran Thi Tuyen, Truong Thi Nhu Nguyet, Pham Vu Chung — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:29:12 +0700

Multidimensional poverty is measured by income and lack of access to basic social services. This study uses the multidimensional poverty index (MPI) according to the Alkire and Foster method (2011) and the dimensions of health, education, housing, clean water and sanitation, and access to information to analyze the current situation of multidimensional poverty in Nghe An province. The results show that, in the period 2016 - 2019, the poverty rate in Nghe An decreased rapidly, but the intensity of poverty decreased slowly. The rate of deficiency of some indicators such as school attendance among children and assets for accessing information tends to increase. Households in remote areas and ethnic minority households have a high rate of lack of basic social services. The division is also evident in the highland and lowland districts, between the Northwest and the Southwest. From that situation, the study recommends several solutions to reduce poverty in the mountainous area of Nghe An.

AN INVESTIGATION OF LOCAL COMMUNITY EXPERIENCES ON THE IMPACTS OF EDIBLE CANNA CULTIVATION AND PRODUCTION IN CAO BANG PROVINCE

Nong Thi Van Anh, Pham Thi Ngoc Quynh — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:30:13 +0700

Vietnam is well-known for its agricultural production, a backbone of the country’s economy since Doi Moi in 1986 and even after the pandemic. Many areas have witnessed the positive impacts of poverty reduction and livelihood boosted by expanding the food crops areas nationwide. This study focuses on edible canna, one of the most preferred crops to local people in many provinces in the Northern Midlands and Mountainous region due to its suitable natural resources. While this highly productive crop has led to socio-economic improvement, it also entails to myriad of impacts on local. By applying the qualitative research method through 20 semi-structured in-depth interviews and field observations conducted in early September 2023, this paper analyzed the spectrum of impacts through the lens of local people in Nguyen Hue commune, Hoa An district, Cao Bang province. We show that apart from the widely known optimistic effects, the challenges of edible canna cultivation and production have emerged. Key questions addressed include: How does the local community maintain the earnings from edible canna production? How has the local community fared amidst the current situation as results show that branding and environmental issues have affected severely to the future of this crop? This paper contributes to debates on matter production of edible canna given the concern that this plant has its life cycle.

ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITY DUE TO CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE AQUACULTIVATION ECOSYSTEM OF NAM PHU COMMUNE, TIEN HAI DISTRICT, THAI BINH PROVINCE

Cao Thi Thanh Nga — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:31:10 +0700

This paper describes an effective application of a method by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to calculate the level of vulnerability due to the impact of climate change on the aquaculture ecosystem in Nam Phu commune, Tien Hai district, Thai Binh province. Original data were collected from a series of surveys throughout the research area with information from interviews of people in Nam Phu commune using 95 questionnaires. Our results show that the aquaculture ecosystem in the study area has a high exposure index (E) and sensitivity index (S) with score of 0.76 and 0.71, respectively, while adaptive capacity (AC) is average with score of 0.42. The vulnerability index (V) is 0.68 and can be ranking at highly vulnerable.

ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL, GEOLOGICAL, GEOMORPHOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPE VALUE OF KON KA KINH NATIONAL PARK

Giang Van Trong, Truong Quang Hai, Nguyen Dang Hoi — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:32:02 +0700

Kon Ka Kinh National Park is distributed in the core zone of the Kon Ha Nung Plateau Biosphere Reserve. From the perspective of landscape research, besides biological values, this area also has geological, geomorphological, and cultural potentials. The article is based on the method of document review, field survey, map, and geographic information system, especially biodiversity statistics on 77 standard plots. The study shows the biological value of Kon Ka Kinh National Park, with prominently mixed broad-leaved vegetation, several endemic and unique tree species, several rare species of birds, and primates such as Garrulax konkakinhensis, Pygathrix cinerea... The geological and geomorphological values are characterized by the interaction between ancient and current formations distributed within the Kon Tum Massif... The typical tangible and intangible cultural values of the Ba Na ethnic are associated with the use and conservation of forest resources.

DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION BETWEEN VIETNAM AND EUROPEAN UNION (1990 - PRESENT)

Nguyen Thi Nga, Hoang Hai Ha, Nguyen Thuy Nga — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:33:23 +0700

The article clarifies the modifications in the foundational principles of design, program scope, collaborative development initiatives, and mutual engagement, underscoring Vietnam's proactive and independent role in accommodating the European Union's (EU) development cooperation programs and projects. In doing so, the authors aim to contribute to ongoing discussions and assessments regarding the nature of contemporary development cooperation policies implemented in developing nations like Vietnam. The research demonstrates that the adaptations in the EU's development cooperation policies have been tailored to align with Vietnam's economic and social development strategic goals and to address its specific requirements. Furthermore, the donor-recipient relationship between Vietnam and the EU has demonstrated that the recipient government is increasingly active in the foreign aid allocation process.

JOSEON DYNASTY MISSIONS TO THE MING DYNASTY FROM 1392 TO 1644

Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:36:24 +0700

The Joseon dynasty placed particular importance on diplomatic activities with the Ming dynasty. During the existence of the Ming dynasty (1368 – 1644), the Joseon dynasty dispatched a total of 1,072 missions, which were an average of 4.7 missions/year, to the Ming dynasty. This ratio surpassed all previous Joseon dynasties. The criteria for selecting envoys to the Ming dynasty were also standardized. The envoy's duties became more varied and diverse, covering many fields such as politics, economics, culture, etc. This proves that the Joseon dynasty was an essential period in the history of China and Joseon relations. The two countries' relationship in politics, economics, and culture surpassed all previous periods and dynasties.

POSTMODERN CHARACTERISTICS IN THE NOVEL MY NAME IS RED BY ORHAN PAMUK

Pham Tuan Anh — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:37:19 +0700

This study focuses on analyzing postmodern characteristics in My Name is Red in two aspects: The postmodern sense of reality and people, and the postmodern narrative techniques used in the work. The research results show that the work by Pamuk is characterized by postmodern literature, restoring a chaotic, fragmented, and non-central world. People in that world also exist in lostness, skepticism, and cognitive distrust. Multiperspectivity and intertextual mechanism are the two main techniques used by the writer in the work. Examining the novel by Pamuk from postmodern theory is the research direction closely following the paradigmatic characteristics of the work, helping to open up many issues that the writer suggests and dialogues with readers.

THE PERCEPTIONS OF KÍ IN SOUTH VIETNAMESE LITERATURE (1954 – 1975)

Bui Linh Hue — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 09:38:38 +0700

In Vietnamese literary history, there have been many different opinions on what is kí and how many subgenres it embraces. The perceptions of kí differ over time and space. For example, in South Vietnamese literature during 1954-1975, the perceptions of kí are different from other periods in Vietnamese literature. Among different approaches, the methods of cultural studies can be applied to explain the changes in the theory and performance of kí in Vietnamese twentieth–century literature in general and South Vietnamese literature during 1954-1975 in particular. In this article, via seeing genres as socially constructed, I will analyze the act of writing and reading kí in the South during the period from historical, social, and ideological contexts.

TREATMENT OF HISTORICAL MATERIAL IN HISTORICAL NOVELS (FROM THE NOVEL THE EMPRESS DOWAGER TU DU BY TRAN THUY MAI)

Le Tra My, Tran Thi Tuyet Chinh — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:08:17 +0700

The treatment disposal of historical material in historical novels is always a problem when researching this literary genre. Each writer has different ways of processing, and forming different styles of writing historical novels. This study analyzes Tran Thuy Mai's treatment of historical documents in the historical novel Empress Dowager Tu Du from the aspect of recreating historical characters. Historical characters are placed in a character system including real characters and fictional characters, forming a symbolic semiotic network. When placed in the world of art, historical figures are recreated as fictional characters: these are multi-faceted, multi-dimensional characters, seen from a personal perspective, with the personalities of everyday people

RENEWING MUSICAL USAGE IN TRAN DAN POETRY THROUGH A TRADITIONAL FOLK METHOD: A PERSPECTIVE FROM THE POETRY OF TRAN DAN

Dinh Minh Hang — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:09:33 +0700

This research provides an exploration of the relationship between music and poetry in the context of Vietnamese modern poetry, with a specific focus on Tran Dan's innovative contributions and the incorporation of traditional folk influences. Throughout this research, various dimensions of music, including structural aspects, sounds, and rhythms were used to highlight the effectiveness of music in constructing a multidimensional inner world and enhance the empathetic connection between poet and reader. Thus, Tran Dan's contribution to the renewal of Vietnamese poetic musicality lies in his innovative use of traditional folk influences, such as folk verses, folk songs, and children's folk poems (đồng dao). The paper discusses Tran Dan's unconventional approaches to poetry, breaking away from conventional norms and delving into profound semantic layers. It also explores the poet's engagement with folklore, emphasizing the persistence of folkloric sources in his verses, testifying to the beauty of the past and the values embedded in tradition, then investigates how Tran Dan and other modern Vietnamese poets (for example Duong Tuong) use language to craft aesthetic effects, incorporating elements of pitch, rhythm, and rhyme. It highlights the flexibility and artistry in organizing musical sections within modern Vietnamese poetry, drawing parallels with the structure of songs and symphonies. The research emphasizes the interplay of language and sound, creating a distinctive musicality in Vietnamese modern poetry and underscores the significance of the intertwining of language and structure in the alchemy of poetry, where folklore and cultural cadence serve as catalysts for renewing the poetic world.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE GODDESS LIEU HANH IN PHU VANG, THANH HOA PROVINCE

Nguyen Thi Que — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:10:52 +0700

The Mother Goddess Lieu Hanh holds a paramount position in Vietnamese belief systems, particularly within the context of the Mother Goddess worship. She amalgamates elements from Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and indigenous goddess veneration to promote virtuous behavior, punish wrongdoers, vanquish adversaries, and safeguard the nation and its people across the regions she traversed. Employing a combination of ethnographic fieldwork, in-depth interviews, and participant observation, this article explores the enduring influence of Mother Goddess Lieu Hanh in the locale of Phu Vang, situated in the Hoang Hoa district of Thanh Hoa province. Drawing upon empirical data collected in the region, this research unveils the historical roots of Phu Vang, a place of solemn worship for the Mother Goddess, with origins dating back to the 18th century. Additionally, the study spotlights the profound impact of the Mother Lieu Hanh Goddess on the local cultural heritage. According to legend, the Nguyen Dynasty's royal decree granted Dai Dien village the privilege of venerating the Mother Goddess. Simultaneously, the Phu Vang Festival, held on the anniversary of Mother Lieu's passing, vividly illustrates the role and influence of worshipping Mother Goddess on the spiritual life and collective consciousness of the people, thus commemorating the contributions and virtues of the Mother Goddess to this land”.

THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL REASONS CONTRIBUTING TO THE WIDESPREAD EFFECTS OF THE ABBA SONG-BASED MUSICAL MAMMA MIA

Ho Quynh Giang — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:11:32 +0700

The ABBA music-based musical Mamma Mia has been being performed on the world's multiple theater stages since the 1990s. It has appealed to myriad audiences ranging in ages and genders regardless the cultural and language differences. It has gained both art and financial success worldwide. What account for the huge effects of this musical on audiences are, namely, the touching story plot about love and friendship with mentions of the contemporary social issues related to feminism or generation gaps; stimulation for nostalgia about the beautiful past enabling to relieve the present pains, identify personal values, connect generations and community; and harmonious combination of stage performance (including music/singing, dancing, lighting, costumes, and stage setting). This essay focuses on all these aspects to give an explanation of how cultural materials of the past are re-created in the present as well as to indicate individual concerns and needs of contemporary life.

A MISSING LINK OF THE CURRICULUM: WHY DO ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER TRAINERS IN VIETNAM NEED LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT LITERACY?

Lưu Thi Kim Nhung, Cao Thi Hong Phuong — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:12:14 +0700

This current study explored the status quo of language assessment literacy among Vietnamese language teacher trainers who carried out the mission of the assessment reform set by the National Foreign Languages Project. Inspired and informed by Gu’s (2012) [1] core components of teachers’ assessment that language teachers should develop, this study collected interview data from 16 teacher trainers of English who were at the forefront of the reform. Document analysis of policy guidelines and curricula was employed. Theme-based analysis was used to analyze the data through Nvivo 12 software to measure the perceived understanding of assessment literacy among the participants. Major findings revealed that the majority of participating language teachers employed assessment of learning (summative assessment or tests) during their teaching. Little attention was paid to assessment for learning (formative assessment) practices. It is suggested that these teacher trainers may lack core components of language assessment literacy, which include teachers’ understanding of language competence and curriculum. For language teacher trainers to improve their assessment literacy, consistent and sustained training should be needed from both top-down and bottom-up processes. The authors argue that there is a missing link in the curriculum, which requires stakeholders, including English teacher trainers, and English teachers to be assessment literate. Thus they can understand the theoretical issues of assessment and know how to employ these issues in practice, thereby better implementing the curriculum.

EMPATHY COMPETENCY OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS

Bui Thi Thu Huyen — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:12:52 +0700

Although empirical studies have shown the role of teachers’ empathy in enhancing connection with students as well as improving teaching quality, empathy competency in teachers has not been researched much in Vietnam. This study was conducted to investigate the empathy capacity of high school teachers in three areas: Hanoi, Hai Duong, and Hoa Binh, and examine the impact of demographic factors such as age, gender, and seniority of work on the level of teachers' empathy. A total of 412 teachers were invited to participate in the study through semi-structured interviews and answered two survey tools including the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) of Jolliffe and Farrington (2006) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) (Davis, 1980, 1983). The results showed that high school teachers within the current study demonstrated a fairly good level of empathy; Female teachers showed better empathy competency with students than male teachers; Teachers in Hai Duong showed the best empathy and teachers in Hoa Binh showed the third highest empathy. Notably, teachers with less than 5 years of experience and more than 15 years of experience had low empathy, while teachers with 10-15 years of experience had the best empathy capacity. Accordingly, the article includes suitable discussions and suggestions for further studies on empathy capacity in teachers

ADAPTATION OF THE TRAIT-STATE FEAR OF MISSING OUT SCALE IN VIETNAM SAMPLE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:16:01 +0700

The study aims to psychometrically validate the Vietnamese version of the Trait-State Fear of Missing Out Scale (T-SFoMOS-V) and test its reliability and validity, measurement invariance also evaluates the status of the level of T-SFoMO among students in Vietnam. This study aims to promote the adaptation to the cultural context of a self-report instrument that can measure the extent of the T-SFoMO of students in the Vietnamese context. A study was performed on a sample group of students from Hue University, including 324 students for the first phase and 321 for the second one, who completed a survey comprising a questionnaire of T-SFoMOS-V and the Nomophobia Questionnaire. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were carried out on the T-SFoMOS-V. Confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance showed that the T-SFoMOS-V for university students had good construct validity. The internal consistency of the T-SFoMOS-V (0.87) and the test-retest reliability (0.86) were also good. The T-SFoMOS-V was significantly correlated with nomophobia (0.17). The research results show that 88.0% of students experienced T-SFoMO at different levels, with no significant difference in students by grade level and gender. From these results, discussions were held within the results' scope, and the limitations of this study were mentioned.

AWARENESS RAISING EFFORTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS TO PREVENT CHILD LABOR: A CASE STUDY IN LAI CHAU

Hoang Thi Hai Yen — Mon, 09 Jun 2025 10:14:28 +0700

Child labor refers to children’s participation in labor contrary to the law and labor activities that hinder or have a negative impact on the development of physical, mental, personality, and overall development of children. Preventing and minimizing child labor requires the active participation and close coordination of all sectors of society, including schools. Within schools, some schools have implemented basic activities targeting the target group of students to prevent child labor. The content of this study focuses on clarifying the current situation of support activities to raise awareness in preventing child labor in some secondary schools in Lai Chau province. This study aims to clarify the achieved results and remaining problems in implementing support activities to raise awareness of child labor prevention in the following aspects: implementation content, organizational methods, and form of organization. On that basis, this study proposes basic solutions to further improve the effectiveness of awareness-raising support activities in preventing child labor at the surveyed schools.