CFD study the impact of key parameters on the distribution of smoke and hazards in the premises

Abstract

In modern buildings more diverse and new polymeric combustible materials widely used as coverings, beddings, thermal and acoustic insulation, equipment and furniture are applied. Some of these elements are able to release large amounts of smoke and heat in a very short period of time. The building can get extremely dangerous situations in presence of fire. Since the major task of fire protection technique is protecting people from injury, some answers to the following questions are seeks: how smoke will be spread into the room, is there a chance to be taken away without burning spread, which are the general parameters defining distribution of smoke and hazards in the premises and etc.

The solution of the problems raised above resorting to mathematical modeling of fires. For this purpose a numerical simulation of such processes are accomplished. Here are presented the results of spreading of smoke and hazards in a room occupied by people as particular attention is paid to a velocity and temperature field distribution. Based on the results of the numerical simulation, a scientific-based prognosis of the hazardous factors was made in order to optimize the work of the fire protection systems (smoke extraction systems, mechanical ventilation) by considering the physical characteristics of the room.