: Complete reform of education needs a fresh mind on management in general and education in particular based on theoretical evidence. Through analyzing the findings of The 2009 Vietnam Population and Housing Census: Completed Results and Results of the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey 2010, the article suggests that since 1986, education opportunities at all levels have been open easier to access, however the inequality in education is still high, especially in tertiary and higher education. If we cannot both increase education quality and widen education opportunities, the optimal choice is that we should widen the opportunities for all can get educated. It is necessary to reinforce universal primary and secondary education, towards universal kindergarten and tertiary education. This is of special urgency to reduce social inequality in education, a necessary step to develop high quality human resources
