Use of Microbial Formulations to Produce Bio-Organic Fertilizer from Mushroom Culture Residues and Chicken Manure
Abstract
A study was conducted to identify suitable microbial formulation for producing bio-organic fertilizer from mushroom culture residues and chicken manure. Ten days after composting, the temprature in the middle of the compost mix inoculated with CPVSV3 (CT3) ranged from 51 to 56oC, higher than those in other treatments and remained for 5 to 7 days. After 30 days, the C/N ratio was lowest in the CT3 (13.64) while the amounts of total N (1.04%), available phosphorus (187,9 mg/100g) and potassium (416,2 mg/100g) were higher than those in other treatments. The microbial formulation CPVSV3 helped restrict the growth of E. coli and Salmonella and increased the number of amonium and cellulose decomposing bacteria. The concentration of heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Pb, Hg) in the bio-organic fertilizer were much lower compared to Vietnamese standard. The actual yield of baby bok choy (Brassica rapa ssp. Chinensis) applied with micro-organic fertilizer reached 1.18 kg/m2, higher than that in traditional manure application. The amounts of As, Cd, Pb, Hg as well as number of E. coli, Salmonella in baby bok choy were also lower than Vietnamese standard set by the Ministry of Health. The results suggested that the microbial formulation CPVSV3 is suitable for handling the mushroom culture residue and chicken manure mix to produce bio-organic fertilizer for safe agricultural production.