Metabolic Syndrome in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis at Kien An Hospital in 2025

Abstract

Objective: to describe the current status and identify factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 113 end-stage chronic kidney disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at the Artificial Kidney Department, Kien An Hospital, Hai Phong, from March to June 2025. Results: Data were collected through direct interviews, anthropometric measurements, and medical records. The results showed a prevalence of MS of 68.1%. The most common components were hypertension (90.9%), low HDL-C (88.3%), and elevated blood glucose (84.4%). Among patients with MetS, 37.7% had 4 components, 36.4% had 3 components, and 26.0% had all 5 components. Logistic regression analysis identified age ≥ 60 (OR=4.20; 95%CI: 1.06–16.68), physical inactivity (OR=2.78; 95%CI: 1.13–6.88), overweight/obesity (OR=4.40; 95%CI: 1.22–15.84), and high waist-to-hip ratio (OR=2.43; 95%CI: 1.02–5.78) as factors increasing the likelihood of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: This study highlights the heavy burden of metabolic disorders in hemodialysis patients, especially in older adults, those with central obesity, and sedentary lifestyles. Early screening, lifestyle interventions, and comprehensive metabolic control are necessary to improve the quality of life in this patient group.