Experimental investigation on the effect of surface micro-texture on friction–wear characteristics and operational performance of swash plate axial piston pump

Abstract

In the context of the increasingly urgent demand for enhancing the operational efficiency and extending the service life of mechanical–hydraulic equipment, research into solutions that minimize friction- and wear-induced losses while improving lubrication performance in friction pairs operating under high load, high pressure, and high-speed conditions has become essential. Globally, the application of surface micro-texturing to friction pairs has emerged as a breakthrough in the field of tribology. Micro-textures such as micro-grooves, dimples, protrusions, and other specialized geometries have demonstrated a remarkable ability to improve lubrication effectiveness, reduce friction coefficients, and mitigate wear. These micro-texture designs have been successfully applied in several countries, including the United States, Austria, Turkey, Russia, and particularly China, achieving reductions in friction coefficient of up to 20%, extending component lifespan by 15%–35%, while also saving energy and lowering maintenance costs. This study presents an experimental investigation evaluating the practical effectiveness of micro-textures in improving the friction–wear performance and lubrication characteristics of a swash plate axial piston pump. The results contribute to clarifying the role of surface micro-texturing in reducing friction and wear, controlling lubrication regimes, and enhancing the overall efficiency of hydraulic equipment. The findings not only provide a scientific basis for applying micro-texture technology in hydraulic devices but also reveal its potential for deployment in mechanical and energy systems operating under harsh conditions, particularly in Vietnam’s mining and heavy industries.