Tạp chí Nghiên cứu và Phát triển

The name of “bánh chưng” on Tet holiday

Võ Vinh Quang — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Lunar New Year, known as Tết Cả, is a typical festival associated with the cultural custom of Asian agricultural communities. In Vietnam, the Lunar New Year is linked to the legend of Lang Lieu during the 6th Hung King’s reign, as told in the story “Bánh chưng - bánh giầy”. Indeed, what is the true origin of Bánh chưng, and how does local culture influence and adapt to ancient Chinese culture through acculturation? We would like to know more about those issues and participate in some discussions to understand the meaning behind the term “bánh chưng” and the various cultural contexts that are present in the tale “Bánh chưng on Tết”.

The national day in Hue Ancient Capital under King Bao Dai (1933-1939)

Do Minh Dien — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The “national day” of the Nguyen dynasty was known as Hưng quốc khánh niệm, which was celebrated continuously since King Khai Dinh’s reign and maintained under King Bao Dai. On May 2nd (according to the lunar calendar), a grand ceremony was organized to honor King Gia Long’s coronation. This article focuses on investigating the Hưng quốc khánh niệm celebration that took place from 1933 to 1939, aiming to revive the ceremonial ambiance of one of the most important rituals under the Nguyen dynasty through current press resources.

School rules and big cases under the Nguyen Dynasty

Le Nguyen Luu — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Rules and regulations are necessary for exams at any time, but in the past, they were so strict that few people could successfully undertake the exam. School rules generally encompassed all regulations governing the exam procedure, which candidates and school authorities had to adhere to; anyone who violated them would face penalties. Despite the stringent regulations surrounding exams throughout the Nguyen Dynasty, instances of violations still occurred.

Ov erview of the Tran Dynast y’s educational syst em ( in the 13th-14th centuries)

Nguyen Thi Phuong Chi — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The educational system of the Tran Dynasty focused on changes in examinations and educational content, the increasing development and dominance of Confucian
education, the training of a team of educated Confucian intellectuals who worked for the state management apparatus and the development of Nom script. Through education and examinations, the state selected a team of talented mandarins to serve the country. The Tran court respected talented people regardless of their background, showing a special characteristic of a dynasty that achieved many achievements in many fields, including education. However, due to a lack of documentation, the content of early education limited the clarification of this issue. In 1396, the examination consisted of four rounds.

The royal edict of King Chiêu Thống after being conferred the title of King of Annam

Nguyen Duy Chinh — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

On January 22nd, in the 53rd year of Qianlong’s reign (December 19th, 1788), Tôn Sĩ Nghị brought the royal seal to confer the title of King of Annam upon Lê Duy Kỳ. Ten days later, on the 2nd day of the twelfth lunar month in the 53rd year of Qianlong’s reign (December 28th, 1788), King Chiêu Thống sent his first letter to the Qing court to express gratitude to King Qianlong for sending troops to help him restore the capital. This was also the first official document sent by Lê Duy Kỳ to China, bearing the seal of the newly appointed King of Annam. Although the royal decree from the Qing emperor and the gold-plated silver seal sent to Annam, along with Lê Duy Kỳ’s thank-you letter hold little historical significance, they are still traces of a bygone era and valuable primary source materials. Therefore, we have translated them to fill in the missing parts of a turbulent period that few people paid attention to.

The recognition of Vietnam’s sovereignty over the Hoang Sa archipelago through international publications in England, Germany, India, France, Bohemia, Russ ia, Italy, and Spain in the 19th century

Nguyen Quang Trung Tien — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

From the historical process of establishing sovereignty over the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa archipelagos during the Nguyen lords’ period in the 17th century through the activities of the Hoang Sa and Bac Hai flotillas, to 1816 when King Gia Long of the Nguyen dynasty officially established state ownership over the Hoang Sa archipelago by sending a naval fleet from the Hue court along with the Hoang Sa navy fleet to investigate and exercise Vietnam’s sovereignty there. Throughout the 19th century, no nation opposed the Nguyen dynasty’s official claim of state ownership over the Hoang Sa archipelago, which had been in place since 1816. This recognition was achieved through a number of publications in England, Germany, India, France, Bohemia, Russia, Italy, and Spain. These strong international legal foundations have been of great help in the ongoing struggle to protect the sovereignty of Vietnam’s islands and waters in general, and the Hoang Sa-Truong Sa archipelagos in particular.

The event of January 19th, 1974 and the hist orical less ons on the protection of Vietnam’s maritime sovereignty in the current context

Ngo Van Minh — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The article aims to present a series of events detailing China’s occupation of the Hoang Sa archipelago, which falls under Vietnamese sovereignty. This is indicated through a map
illustrating China’s expansion, claim of sovereignty, illegal occupation, fisheries surveillance ships, and use of force to occupy the Hoang Sa archipelago. Considering China’s actions and conspiracies, it is imperative for us to remain calm, proactive, and prevent maritime conflicts. We must avoid falling into unforeseen or passive situations. Additionally, we need to pay special attention to the security and sovereignty of the sea and its islands, especially during sensitive and complicated times. We must protect sovereignty, sovereignty rights, national jurisdiction, and national interests in the nation’s maritime zones and islands through the nation’s inner strength combined with the righteousness and power of time

Economic efficiency in application of advanced technical process to produce some crops in Nam Dong dist rict, Thua Thien Hue province

Nguyen Tan Ton That Tu My, Le Thi Kim Hang, Nguyen Huu Anh, Le Thi Quynh Huong — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) for fruit and vegetable farming is a set of consolidated safety and quality standards. The research was conducted in Nam Dong district, Thua Thien Hue province to evaluate the current situation and propose solutions to improve the production efficiency of Ariu chili, bananas, pineapples, Homalomena occulta, and local azalea flowers. The research findings show that in Nam Dong district, when Ariu chili, bananas, and pineapples are grown according to the technical guidelines of VIETGAP standards, Homalomena Occulta in accordance with those of the University of Agriculture and Forestry - Hue University and local azalea with those of Center for flowers, ornamentals research and development - Fruit and vegetable research Institute instead of traditional farming methods, they exhibit healthier growth, fewer pests and diseases, and higher yields. The average diameter of the azalea flowers is 6.29 cm, while the yields of the models for cultivating chili, bananas, pineapples, and Homalomena occulta are 1.66, 12.59, 28.9, and 18.09 tones per hectare, respectively. Therefore, the economic effectiveness of producing chili, bananas, pineapples, Homalomena occulta, and local azalea flowers with the application of the advanced technical process is higher.

Research on the products of Citrus grandis originated from Hue serving the regist ration of geographic indication

Luong Duc Toan, Nguyen Duc Trung, Dinh Thi Anh — Thu, 02 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Hue pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) is a specialty fruit tree of Thua Thien Hue province. To establish a scientific basis for registering “Hue” geographical indications for pomelo products, this article focuses on researching the reputation, sensory quality, and biochemical quality of Hue pomelo products through the analysis of morphological characteristics, biochemical quality, and processing using statistical methods. The research results show that: (1) Hue pomelo as a long-standing reputation recognized by both businesspeople and consumers; (2) In terms of sensory quality and biochemical quality, Hue pomelo products exhibit distinctive characteristics compared to those of the same type from other regions; for instance, small size (average weight ranging from about 0.7-1 kg per fruit), pear-shape with a flat stem end, the ripe peel is greenish-yellow and smooth with a natural light fragrance, slender segments are small, straight, firm, crunchy with a slightly sweet and mildly sour taste that is not bitter or astringent. The oluble solids content (Brix degree, %) ranges from 9.42-11.23; total sugar content ranges from 7.80-9.34%; total acid content ranges from 0.58-0.71%, and Vitamin C content ranges from 59.29-66.20 mg/100 g.