Establishing an Urban Water Security Index Set for Da Nang City Using the Process Analysis Method (PAM)

Abstract

    Urban water security presents a significant challenge for rapidly developing cities, particularly those contending with climate change impacts and population pressure. This study proposes a comprehensive set of indicators for assessing urban water security in Da Nang City, Vietnam. Utilizing the Process Analysis Method (PAM) in conjunction with theoretical frameworks and expert consultation, the indicators (12 indicators) are structured across four key domains: water availability, access to clean water services, water-related risks and governance capacity. Preliminary assessments reveal that Da Nang faces critical issues such as freshwater scarcity, flood risks, and saline intrusion, alongside existing disparities in access to clean water services. This research contributes to the development of an effective operational assessment framework at the municipal level, thereby supporting evidence-based policymaking and fostering sustainable adaptation strategies in the context of climate change.