SELLER IDENTITY VERIFICATION OBLIGATIONS OF E-COMMERCE PLATFORMS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND LESSONS FOR VIETNAM

Abstract

Abstract: In the context of the digital economy, the evolution of e-commerce into complex 
ecosystems has exacerbated information asymmetry and consumer risks related to anonymous 
businesses. This paper analyzes the identification responsibilities of e-commerce platforms through 
the lens of Law and Economics and the Law on E-commerce 2025. By examining China’s strict 
liability model and the European Union’s “best efforts” and traceability mechanisms, the study 
highlights the necessity of dynamic verification. The paper’s main contribution lies in proposing 
a comprehensive legal-technical framework that integrates the national electronic identification 
system (VNeID) into e-commerce operations, establishing conditional liability exemptions for 
platforms to ensure market transparency and consumer protection in Vietnam.