Hưởng dụng đất cộng đồng, một sự phối hợp của các cách thức: Bài học từ vấn đề rừng cộng đồng ở Thuỵ Điển

Tóm tắt

In Sweden, as in many other European countries, significant areas of land have been used as commons. Most have been privatized or declared State property. Nonetheless, to this day, considerable areas of forestland are owned and managed as communal property. Over the past of one hundred years, Swedish society has changed dramatically; but the communal forests have demonstrated a remarkable degree of viability. This paper discusses to what extent this can be explained by the fact that the institutional framework that makes up the arrangement has succeeded in retaining a mixture of the rule of law (i.e. Central decision-making and State intervention); communal land tenure, and individual property rights. In essence, the paper addresses the following questions: How should such an arrangement be understood? What is communal about the Swedish communal forests? How is their configuration related to in individual incentives as well as State authority? And what are the implications for the development of similar systems in other contexts?