NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ TÍNH ĐỀ KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA CÁC LOẠI VI KHUẨN PHÂN LẬP ĐƯỢC TỪ CÁC BỆNH PHẨM ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP DƯỚI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ TỪ 2022 ĐẾN 2023

Tóm tắt

Objective: To describe the characteristics and antibiotic resistance rates of bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens at Can Tho City General Hospital (2022-2023).

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on lower respiratory tract specimens collected from hospitalized patients.

Results: Acinetobacter baumannii exhibited multidrug resistance but remained 100% susceptible to colistin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 100% resistant to cefazolin and showed 62.5% resistance to other antibiotics, including ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, imipenem, tobramycin, and piperacillin-tazobactam. Escherichia coli remained susceptible to nitrofurantoin (95.0%), amikacin (86.1%), and imipenem (61.1%), while susceptibility to most other antibiotics was below 30%. Klebsiella pneumoniae was only susceptible to ampicillin (68.9%), gentamicin (55.6%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (37.8%). Staphylococcus aureus was 100% resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin, oxacillin and benzylpenicillin. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected in 38.89% of E. coli isolates and 4.44% of K. pneumoniae isolates.

Conclusion: A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa exhibited high levels of antibiotic resistance, particularly to cefazolin and broad-spectrum antibiotics. E. coli and K. pneumoniae remained susceptible to certain antibiotics, though susceptibility rates were declining. S. aureus demonstrated high resistance to commonly used antibiotics.