Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Mỏ - Địa chất

Quantitative evaluation of geosites in the Lang Son UNESCO global geopark

An Manh Do — 2026-04-02

A quantitative evaluation of geosites in the Lang Son UNESCO Global Geopark (Vietnam) is urgently needed to provide objective evidence for conservation prioritization and sustainable geotourism planning. This study aims to quantitatively assess the geotourism value of 19 selected geoheritage sites within the Lang Son UNESCO Global Geopark. By integrating secondary data, spatial distribution analysis, and primary data collected through expert interviews and field surveys conducted within the geopark, the research applies the Geosite Assessment Model (GAM). The model is structured as a 9-field matrix, allowing the classification of geosites according to appropriate development orientations based on two main groups of values: (1) Main Values (maximum 12 points), including scientific/educational value (VSE), aesthetic/landscape value (VSA), and protection level (VPr); and (2) Additional Values (maximum 15 points), including functional value (VFn) and touristic value (VTr). The results indicate that the Main Values (VSE + VSA + VPr) of the evaluated geosites are relatively uniform (average ≈ 8.0 points), while the Additional Values (VFn + VTr) exhibit a wider variation (3.75÷13.75 points), which plays a decisive role in distinguishing between the Z33, Z32, and Z21 groups. This demonstrates that, beyond their inherent geological and scientific significance, factors such as infrastructure, promotional activities, and community-based tourism management are crucial in enhancing the overall value of geosites within the context of sustainable geotourism development. The GAM results not only help identify the geosites that should be prioritized for conservation and development (Z33, Z32) but also highlight the groups requiring functional and touristic enhancement (Z23, Z22, Z21). These findings provide a scientific foundation for local authorities and tourism enterprises to design more effective strategies for the sustainable utilization of geoheritage resources within the Lang Son UNESCO Global Geopark, thereby contributing to the socio-economic development of Lang Son Province.

Numerical analysis of stability of sea dikes: a case study at An Bien - An Minh coastline

Tai Tien Nguyen — 2026-04-02

In response to increasing coastal hazards driven by climate change and sea level rise, this study investigates severe shoreline erosion and instability of the An Bien - An Minh sea dike system in An Giang Province, Vietnam, located in the western Mekong Delta. The research aims to evaluate the existing geological, geotechnical, and hydrodynamic conditions of the study area and to assess their combined influence on the stability and structural performance of the sea dike system. Field investigations and monitoring programs were conducted to collect data on wave characteristics, coastal currents, sediment conditions, and subsurface soil properties. These datasets were integrated into a numerical modeling framework using PLAXIS 3D based on the finite element method to analyze soil-structure interaction, deformation behavior, and stability of the dike system under representative design loading conditions. The numerical analysis focused on stress distribution, displacement patterns, and potential failure mechanisms associated with soft soil foundations and wave-induced loading. Based on the modeling results, an integrated coastal protection solution is proposed, combining offshore wave attenuation structures, reinforced concrete revetments, and mangrove forest restoration. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed measures significantly reduce wave energy transmitted to the dike toe, mitigate shoreline erosion, and enhance the overall stability and resilience of the sea dike system. In addition to technical effectiveness, the integrated solution supports environmental sustainability by promoting ecosystem-based coastal protection and reducing long-term maintenance requirements. The findings provide a robust scientific basis for climate-resilient coastal infrastructure planning and management in the Mekong Delta and offer practical guidance for the design and upgrading of sea dike systems in other low-lying coastal regions facing similar climate-related challenges.

Analysis of Vietnam coal mining pressure under competent strata using field measurement

Nhan Thanh Thi Dinh — 2026-04-02

This paper presents an analysis of Vietnam coal mining pressure under competent roof strata. Using classical ground pressure theories, the pressure law around longwall mining from setup entry to first strata caving and cyclic strata caving is strongly confirmed to follow pressure arch, voussoir beam and cantilever beam theories, respectively. Through analysis of shield pressure and shield convergence from a typical longwall mining under competent strata in Vietnam, the study clearly demonstrates the pressure law caused by progressive mining. The pressure change is proved to have a close relationship with roof strata movement and classical pressure theories. The pressure magnitude increases significantly and decreases rapidly when competent roof strata rupture. The difference in pressure and piston displacement between front leg and rear leg is an indicator for the stability of coal face and roof. The shield behaviours at T-junction are found to be less severe than those at the mid-panel width. The study proposes solutions to improving shield capability by increasing maximum support force and using multi-level face guard. The results from this study assist mining engineers in Vietnam in better understanding ground pressure on coal face and properly designing face support. The sustainable mining under unfavourable conditions can be better achieved for the national coal industry

Determination of density value in the Nong Son - Da Nang by Petrov's 3D gravity inversion

Hong Thi Phan — 2026-04-02

The paper presents the results of Petrov’s 3D inversion applied to gravity data to determine the continuous distribution of rock density from the surface down to a depth of Z = 7250 m in the Nong Son - Da Nang area, supporting the delineation of potential zones associated with ore-forming processes. The inversion method was performed continuously on the residual gravity field using a two-dimensional “live-window” energy filter, with window sizes varying from 600÷8600 m. The reliability of the inversion results strongly depends on the accurate determination of residual gravity anomalies. Therefore, in this study, we apply a statistical-probabilistic approach to identify adaptive filter-window geometries that are consistent with the regional anomaly trend, thereby enhancing the accuracy of residual gravity anomaly separation. The results show that, at the southwestern ore-point locations, the subsurface rock density is heterogeneous, forming blocks with positive residual-density values ranging from 0.1÷0.35 g/cm³, corresponding to residual gravity anomalies of 1÷3.5 mGal. The residual density anomalies within local block structures at the ore-point sites extend to depths of approximately 4000 m. The density increases from about 2.25 g/cm³ at the surface to 3.05 g/cm³ at a depth of 7250m. In the ore-bearing zones, the density varies from 2.8 g/cm³ near the surface to 3.0 g/cm³ at depths of around 4000 m, forming a continuous band extending upward from depth toward near-surface levels. The interpretation results indicate potential mineralized zones associated with the upward migration and near-surface accumulation of magma-derived materials.