Hoa Lu University Journal of Science

A study on the effect of seed propagation techniques measures on the growth and development of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. at the nursery stage

Trần Trung Nghĩa, Lê Hùng Tiến, Phạm Thị Lý — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The study aims to determine suitable technical measures for propagating Bacopa monnieri from seeds, serving as a basis for perfecting the technical process of propagation and cultivation of this species. Research results on propagation from seeds showed that treatment formula of soaking seeds in 54°C warm water for 120 minutes and incubating until the seeds cracked before sowing shortened the germination time, increased germination speed, and yielded the highest germination rate of 51.67%, with an outplanting index of 11.24%. The growing medium consisting of soil + carbonized rice husk + bio-organic fertilizer (2:1:1) resulted in an outplanting rate of 42.67% and an outplanting index of 9.4. Sowing on February 15th in the Winter - Spring season and May 15th in the Summer - Autumn season provided the best nursery results, with germination rates reaching 45.67% - 54.0%.

Effects of GA₃ concentrations on nursery performance and the development of seedling quality standards for seed-propagated Stemona tuberosa Lour.

Phạm Thị Lý, Lê Hùng Tiến, Phạm Văn Nam — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates the effects of GA₃ concentrations on seed germination and nursery performance, and establishes seedling quality standards for seed-propagated Stemona tuberosa Lour. Seeds were subjected to four treatments: distilled water (control) and GA₃ solutions at 5, 10, and 15 ppm. Treatment with 5 ppm GA₃ produced the highest germination rate (61.0%) and nursery-ready seedling rate (60.3%). Seedlings in this treatment exhibited increased plant height and shoot number relative to the control, whereas leaf number and root development showed no statistically significant differences. Seedling quality was further assessed across five transplanting ages—90, 105, 120, 135, and 150 days and plant survival and early field growth were evaluated 60 days after transplanting. The results identified 120-day-old seedlings as the optimal age for field establishment. These seedlings demonstrated consistent and robust performance, with the following characteristics: an average of 2 shoots, a plant height of 10.80 cm, 5.67 true leaves, a stem diameter of 2.11 mm, 3.67 primary tuberous roots, an average root length of 5.1 cm, and a root diameter of 4.25 cm. Overall, the findings provide a solid empirical basis for enhancing seed-based propagation practices and standardizing seedling quality for S. tuberosa cultivation.

Facile synthesis of rGO/V2O5 nanocomposite towards the degradation of Methylene blue and Crystal violet dyes under visible light irradiation

Võ Thị Lan Phương, Đỗ Quang Đạt, Nguyễn Thị Lan Phương, Lại Văn Duy — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study reports the synthesis and application of rGO/V2O5 heterostructured nanocomposites for wastewater treatment. The material was prepared by adjusting the concentrations of rGO and NH4VO3 to control the morphology, followed by thermal treatment to optimize photocatalytic activity. The rGO/V2O5 heterostructure exhibited remarkable performance, achieving over 86% degradation of methylene blue and 90% degradation of crystal violet within 180 min under visible-light irradiation. The photocatalytic mechanism was elucidated, highlighting the synergistic role of rGO and V2O5 in enhancing charge separation and light utilization. These findings demonstrate that rGO/V2O5 is a promising, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly photocatalyst, offering an efficient strategy for the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.

Investigation of material and chemical composition of wet wipes used in restaurants and hotels in Hung Yen province

Đỗ Thị Hoa Ngà — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Wet wipes are indispensable hygiene products in restaurants and hotels, serving both functional and aesthetic purposes during dining. Despite their widespread use, there has been little scientific evaluation regarding the material composition and chemical safety of these products in Vietnam. This study aimed to assess the fiber materials and chemical indicators of wet wipes used in restaurants and hotels in Hung Yen province. A total of five representative samples were randomly collected from 204 food service establishments. The samples were analyzed for fiber type, pH value, formaldehyde content, and the presence of optical brighteners (OBs). The results indicated that all samples were composed of 100% polyester fibers, with soaking solution pH values ranging from 7.0 to 7.5. Neither formaldehyde nor optical brighteners were detected in any sample. These findings suggest that the surveyed wet wipes meet current chemical safety requirements and are generally safe for consumer use. However, the exclusive use of non-biodegradable polyester materials raises environmental concerns due to the generation of microplastics after disposal. The study therefore recommends that manufacturers adopt eco-friendly and biodegradable materials such as viscose or lyocell to enhance both product quality and environmental sustainability.

Simulation of governor operating models in a tidal power generation control system using MATLAB/SIMULINK

Lương Thị Thu Giang, Nguyễn Anh Tuấn, Đinh Thị Thuỷ — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Tidal power generation systems require precise frequency and power control to ensure stable operation under dynamic load conditions. This study presents a simulation-based analysis of the governor operation within a tidal power generation control system. The main objective is to investigate the frequency regulation characteristics and power stability performance of the system when subjected to load variations. The simulation model was developed on the Matlab/Simulink platform, allowing detailed examination of five operating modes of the governor: (i) no-load operation, (ii) loaded operation without power feedback, (iii) operation with power feedback, (iv) operation with set-point power control, and (v) a combined mode incorporating both power feedback and set-point control. The results provide insights into the dynamic behavior of the governor under different control configurations and demonstrate the importance of coordinated feedback and set-point regulation for maintaining power stability. The findings of this study can serve as a useful reference for the design and selection of hydraulic turbines, generators, and control strategies in tidal power plants.

Research on factors affecting the efficiency of accounting information systems in small and medium enterprises in The Eastern region of Dak Lak province in the context of digital transformation

Hoàng Tuấn Sinh — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

In the context of digital transformation, accounting information systems play an important role in the performance of small and medium enterprises. This study identifies and measures factors affecting the effectiveness of accounting information systems in SMEs in Phu Yen province, based on system theory, resource theory and previous studies. The proposed model includes 6 factors: (1) Enterprise information technology level, (2) Managers' knowledge and qualifications, (3) Managers' participation in implementing accounting information systems, (4) Professional qualifications of accounting staff, (5) Support from consultants, and (6) Digital transformation in accounting; and the dependent variable is the effectiveness of accounting information systems. Data from 250 SMEs were analyzed using Cronbach's Alpha, EFA, CFA and SEM. SEM results show that human and technological factors directly affect the effectiveness of the IT system, with the model achieving high fit (CFI = 0,936; TLI = 0,923; RMSEA = 0,051). The study provides a practical and academic basis to help improve the effectiveness of the IT system in the context of digital transformation.

Education and training for green tourism among students and tourism stakeholders in Ninh Binh province

Phạm Thị Thu Thủy — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Leveraging its cultural, human, and natural assets, Ninh Binh province has strategically prioritized sustainable and green tourism development as a key directive in its current tourism strategy. This paper focuses on the education and training in green tourism for human resources in Ninh Binh to actualize this development orientation. Based on a combination of document analysis and in-depth interviews with representatives of key stakeholders involved in tourism training activities, the study seeks to clarify the current state of green tourism education, especially for students and individuals or organizations operating in the tourism sector in the province. Ultimately, the study proposes specific solutions aimed at optimizing the efficacy of education and training, thereby fulfilling the sustainability requirements of the provincial tourism industry.

A study of the “House-on-Bridge” architectural type through the case of the “Khong Bridge” relic in Ninh Binh

Đỗ Văn Hiến — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The article focuses on studying a unique architectural form known as the “House-on-Bridge” a characteristic feature of the former Sơn Nam territory, which combines transportation functions with architectural, cultural, and spiritual elements. One representative example is the heritage site “Không Bridge” (now located in Bắc Lý Commune, Ninh Bình Province). According to the historical record Khâm ban đồng bài (Imperially bestowed bronze plaque), the bridge was constructed during the reign of King Lê Thánh Tông. It originally consisted of 21 compartments, featured ironwood columns, a tiled roof, and a central shrine dedicated to a deity. At present, the local authorities still preserve the historical manuscript (dated to the 15th century), which includes a photograph taken in 1939 and a remaining ironwood (lim) column. Therefore, studying the values of Không Bridge provides significant scientific foundations for its original reconstruction and for connecting surrounding heritage sites, thereby contributing to the development of cultural and spiritual tourism in the locality.

Developing Ninh Binh province's tourism economy in the direction of green and sustainable economy

Bùi Minh Quang — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Ninh Binh Province possesses significant potential for developing green tourism thanks to its unique natural and cultural heritage system, providing a solid foundation for transitioning toward a green and circular economy. In the context of global climate change, sustainable development requirements, and the Party and State’s orientation toward a green economy, this study aims to analyze the potentials, assess the current situation, identify key influencing factors, and propose comprehensive solutions for developing Ninh Binh’s tourism economy in a green and sustainable direction. The paper employs document synthesis, SWOT analysis, and empirical observation to clarify opportunities, challenges, and local capacities for green tourism. The findings indicate that Ninh Binh’s tourism benefits from remarkable heritage resources and strong policy support but still faces limitations in green infrastructure, human resources, and product diversification. The study proposes specific policy, human resource, infrastructure, product development, promotion, environmental protection, and awareness-raising solutions, thereby emphasizing the role of green tourism in the province’s sustainable socio-economic development.

The community as a central actor in developing cultural industries associated with heritage conservation and sustainable tourism in Ninh Binh province

Phạm Mai Phương, Chế Thị Bích Ngân — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

In the context of cultural industries emerging as a new driver of development, the role of local communities is increasingly recognized as central to heritage preservation and sustainable tourism. This article clarifies the theoretical foundation for viewing communities as the “core actors’’ within the cultural-industry value chain-from safeguarding heritage and co-creating cultural products to benefiting from and monitoring heritage exploitation. Drawing on the case of Ninh Binh Province, the study analyzes the community’s key contributions to heritage protection, traditional craft revitalization, community-based tourism operations, and participation in digital tourism transformation. It also identifies major challenges, including the commercialization of heritage, limited community capacity, unequal benefit-sharing, and weak coordination among the State, enterprises, and local communities. Based on these findings, the article proposes a set of solutions that emphasize capacity-building for local communities, expanding co-management mechanisms, improving support policies, and developing distinctive cultural tourism products. The study concludes that empowering local communities as central actors is essential for fostering cultural industries in tandem with sustainable tourism development in Ninh Binh.

Education of skills in organizing scientific discovery activities for students in Early Childhood Education

Vũ Thị Diệu Thuý — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

The article introduces the general urgency, research methods, and theories of educating skills in organizing scientific discovery activities for students majoring in Preschool Education (concepts, structures of skills in organizing scientific discovery activities, the process of training skills in organizing scientific discovery activities including content, methods, forms, and ways to evaluate scientific discovery activities; factors affecting the education of skills in organizing scientific discovery activities for students); the current status of education of skills in organizing scientific discovery activities for students majoring in Preschool Education; educational measures and experimental results of measures to educate skills in organizing scientific discovery activities for students majoring in Preschool Education.

Some artistic characteristics of poetic texts in Vietnamese Textbooks Grade 5 (Book series connecting knowledge with life)

An Thị Ngọc Lý — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Poetic texts in the Vietnamese 5 textbook (the Connecting Knowledge with Life series) have their own artistic characteristics, suitable for the recipients who are 5th graders. From there, the poems can convey humanistic content, bringing students useful thoughts, messages, and lessons; at the same time, helping students learn Vietnamese to become interesting and effective. It can be seen that some artistic characteristics of the poetic texts in the Reading section in the Vietnamese 5 textbook (the Connecting Knowledge with Life series) are: there is a variety of poetic forms; simple poetic language, rich in images and rhythm; innocent, friendly, proud tone; using a variety of rhetorical devices and expressive methods.

The application of game theory in teaching mathematics on the topic of special numbers measuring the central tendency of non-grouped data in order to enhance the effectiveness of students’ group cooperation

Lê Văn Giàu — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This paper investigates the application of game theory in mathematics teaching, with a particular focus on the topic of measures of central tendency for ungrouped data. The objective of the study is to design a game-theory-based instructional process and to enhance the quality of mathematics learning through the integration of information technology. The paper presents methods for lesson design that incorporate game theory principles, along with sample lesson plans used to assess students’ learning outcomes and group collaboration through experimental research. The findings indicate that the use of game theory in teaching not only deepens students’ understanding of mathematical concepts but also improves their information technology application skills.