Tạp chí của Trường Đại học Tân Tạo
Đánh giá học tập bậc đại học trong thời AI: Từ chống gian lận sang thiết kế minh chứng tư duy
Đánh giá giáo dục đại học, đặc biệt ở các môn khoa học xã hội và nhân văn, đang đối mặt với một sự khủng hoảng, thách thức khi các công cụ AI tạo sinh (GenAI) đang ngày càng phát triển và phổ biến. Bởi lẽ, việc đánh giá cũ dựa trên một giả định rằng sản phẩm văn bản nộp cuối kỳ là bằng chứng đáng tin cậy cho năng lực tư duy và hiểu biết của người học. Tuy nhiên, giả định nền tảng này bị suy yếu khi GenAI có thể tạo ra sản phẩm hoàn chỉnh trong một thời gian ngắn. Từ đó, việc đánh giá rơi vào vòng luẩn quẩn: cấm đoán, đối phó và truy vết. Bài viết lập luận rằng thay vì tập trung ngăn chặn AI, cần tái thiết kế đánh giá để đo đúng năng lực cốt lõi: tư duy học thuật, năng lực lựa chọn và trách nhiệm giải trình. Để đảm bảo tính hợp lệ của việc đánh giá, bài viết đề xuất chuyển hệ mục tiêu từ nhấn mạnh vào sản phẩm văn bản đầu ra sang minh chứng tư duy. Trên cơ sở đó, bài viết đề xuất bốn mô hình đánh giá phù hợp thời AI và quy tắc liêm chính học thuật dựa trên minh bạch sử dụng AI cùng quy trách nhiệm cho người học.
Tác động của độ tin cậy của người ảnh hưởng trên Tiktok đến ý định mua mỹ phẩm của Gen Z tại Việt Nam: Vai trò trung gian của niềm tin và điều tiết của sự gắn bó thương hiệu
Nghiên cứu này phân tích tác động của độ tin cậy của người ảnh hưởng trên TikTok đến ý định mua mỹ phẩm của Gen Z tại Việt Nam, đồng thời xem xét vai trò trung gian của niềm tin và vai trò điều tiết của sự gắn bó thương hiệu. Dữ liệu được thu thập từ khảo sát Gen Z và phân tích bằng phương pháp PLS-SEM. Kết quả cho thấy ba thành phần của độ tin cậy người ảnh hưởng gồm sự hấp dẫn, mức độ đáng tin và chuyên môn đều tác động tích cực đến niềm tin, trong đó sự hấp dẫn có ảnh hưởng mạnh nhất. Niềm tin có tác động trực tiếp đáng kể đến ý định mua và đóng vai trò trung gian trong mối quan hệ giữa các đặc điểm của người ảnh hưởng và ý định mua. Bên cạnh đó, sự gắn bó thương hiệu có vai trò điều tiết tích cực mối quan hệ giữa niềm tin và ý định mua. Nghiên cứu cung cấp hàm ý quan trọng cho doanh nghiệp mỹ phẩm khi triển khai tiếp thị người ảnh hưởng trên TikTok hướng đến Gen Z.
Students’ Perceptions of Oral Corrective Feedback in Secondary School English Speaking Classes
This study investigates students’ perceptions of oral corrective feedback (OCF) in English speaking classes at the secondary school level. The study examines students’ perceptions of OCF, their preferred feedback types, and the effects of feedback on speaking confidence. A quantitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected through a questionnaire with five-point Likert scale items from 25 Grade 7 and Grade 9 students in Tay Ninh province, Vietnam. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings show that students generally have positive perceptions of oral corrective feedback. Most students believe that OCF helps improve speaking accuracy and awareness of errors. Students preferred supportive feedback types such as recasts, metalinguistic feedback, and elicitation. In addition, delayed feedback was more preferred than immediate correction because it made students feel more comfortable during speaking activities. The results also indicate that oral corrective feedback has both positive and negative effects on speaking confidence. While feedback increased students’ motivation and participation, some learners felt anxious when corrected publicly. Overall, the study suggests that teachers should provide feedback in a supportive and appropriate way to improve students’ speaking development and confidence.
An Exploratory Comparison of the THPT English Exam and an IELTS Benchmark: A Question of Equivalence
This qualitative document analysis with descriptive quantitative mapping examines potential psychometric and pedagogical misalignments in Vietnam’s policy allowing the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) to substitute the official national high school graduation English exam for university admissions. By comparing the lexical, structural, and cognitive demands of the official 2025 Vietnamese National High School Graduation Examination (THPT), and an illustrative international benchmark (Cambridge IELTS 20), the study highlights areas where current score-conversion practices may under-represent the communicative construct intended by the national curriculum. The findings provide preliminary evidence that the THPT exam functions largely as a discrete-point achievement test, whereas IELTS requires integrative skills and a broader academic vocabulary. Drawing on construct validity, principles of assessment design, and the Assessment Use Argument, the paper posits that direct substitution policies overlook the distinct foundational objectives of each test and require stronger empirical concordance support.
Impacts of Short-Form Videos on Vietnamese High School Students’ Motivation in Learning English Vocabulary
Short-form video platforms have become a popular form of online interaction among young adult learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). Videos with built-in multi-modality make them effective tools in EFL learning. However, empirical studies of incorporation of these videos in the Vietnamese EFL setting remain limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of short-form videos on motivation of Vietnamese 10th grade students in learning English vocabulary. The research utilized a mixed-methods approach, involving pre-and post-4-week intervention with 120 students of the HUIT Center of High School Education in Ho Chi Minh City, and semi-structured interviews with 8 students. Results revealed a statistically higher student motivation after the intervention with selected English vocabulary videos of 20 to 60 seconds. Thematic analysis indicated that the videos positively influenced student engagement, interest, and confidence. These findings suggest that integrating short-form videos into EFL teaching enhance student engagement, and discuss implications for teachers to employ short-form videos in EFL contexts.
Xác định hàm lượng capsaicin và độ cay của 10 giống ớt (Capsicum spp.) bằng phương pháp HPLC
Ớt (Capsicum spp.) là một loại gia vị và rau củ có giá trị cao, được sử dụng cho mục đích thương mại và công nghiệp. Quả ớt là một nguồn nguyên liệu giàu dinh dưỡng. Bên trong quả ớt có chứa hàm lượng capsaicin khác nhau ở các giai đoạn chín của quả. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu đánh giá ảnh hưởng của giai đoạn chín của quả lên hàm lượng capsaicin và độ cay của mười giống ớt. Kết quả cho thấy hàm lượng capsaicin dao động từ 38,55 đến 91 778,27 mg.g−1 và giá trị độ cay từ 693,95 SHU đến 1 652 008,91 SHU, phản ánh sự khác biệt lớn giữa các giống. Hàm lượng capsaicin và độ cay có xu hướng tăng dần từ giai đoạn đầu đến giai đoạn quả trưởng thành và đạt cực đại ở khoảng 50 NSTP, sau đó giảm nhẹ ở giai đoạn chín hoàn toàn (60 NSTP). Các giống ớt siêu cay như Trinidad Moruga Scorpion (BC) và Bhut Jolokia (MG) thể hiện khả năng tích lũy capsaicin và độ cay vượt trội, trong khi giống Biquinho pepper (TT) gần như không tích lũy hợp chất này. Kết quả nghiên cứu khẳng định mối quan hệ chặt chẽ giữa hàm lượng capsaicin và độ cay, đồng thời nhấn mạnh vai trò của yếu tố di truyền và giai đoạn phát triển quả trong quá trình tích lũy capsaicinoid. Những phát hiện này có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong việc xác định thời điểm thu hoạch tối ưu và định hướng sử dụng giống phù hợp trong sản xuất và chế biến ớt.
Khảo sát ảnh hưởng của liều lượng chiếu xạ tia Gamma đến khả năng sinh trưởng và phát triển của giống Cà chua Bi Nâu
Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi tiến hành xử lý chiếu xạ hạt khô của giống cà chua bi nâu ở các liều chiếu xạ khác nhau (0, 30, 40, 50, 70 Gy) nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của liều chiếu xạ tia gamma lên khả năng sinh trưởng và phát triển của giống sau chiếu xạ. Hạt giống sau chiếu xạ được cho nảy mầm trong 10 ngày để đánh giá tỷ lệ nảy mầm, chiều cao thân mầm và xác định liều gây chết 50%. Cây con sau đó được ươm 4 tuần và được trồng trên giá thể gồm đất, xơ dừa và phân hữu cơ, sau đó tiến hành ghi nhận các chỉ tiêu về sinh trưởng và phát triển. Kết quả đánh giá cho thấy liều chiếu xạ 30 Gy là tốt nhất cho tỷ lệ nảy mầm của hạt (trên 70%) và sự phát triển của thân mầm (dài trên 23 mm). Liều gây chết ở 50% (LD50) của giống cà chua bi nâu được xác định là 45,27 Gy. Mặc dù ở một số chỉ tiêu, liều chiếu xạ 50 Gy cho thấy sự kích thích tốt hơn như chiều cao cây (187 cm) và hàm lượng Ca2+ trong quả (trên 73 ppm), nhưng nhìn chung liều chiếu xạ 30 Gy được xem là có ảnh hưởng tốt nhất đến sự sinh trưởng và phát triển, cũng như hàm lượng dinh dưỡng khoáng của giống cà chua bi nâu.
Ảnh hưởng của thời gian ly trích lên hàm lượng flavonoid, phenolic tổng số và hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa từ cây khổ sâm (Croton tonkinensis Gagnep.) và cây ngũ trảo (Vitex negundo L.)
Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên cao chiết ethanol của lá cây Ngũ trảo (Vitex negundo L.) và cây Khổ sâm (Croton tonkinensis Gagnep.) được trồng tại trại thực nghiệm, Viện Công nghệ Sinh học, Đại học Trà Vinh. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu là đánh giá ảnh hưởng của thời gian siêu âm lên hàm lượng flavonoid (TFC), phenolic (TPC) và đặc tính kháng oxy hóa thông qua đánh giá chỉ số IC50 (phương pháp DPPH). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy thời gian siêu âm ảnh hưởng có ý nghĩa thống kê đến hàm lượng TFC, TPC và hoạt tính DPPH, đồng thời thể hiện sự khác biệt rõ rệt giữa 2 loài thực vật. Ở cây Ngũ trảo, TFC (50 mgQE.g−1), TPC (36,15 mgGAE.g−1) và hoạt tính kháng oxy (IC50 = 1,33 mg.mL−1) cao nhất tại thời gian siêu âm 5 phút. Ngược lại, cây Khổ sâm, hàm lượng TFC (25 mgQE.g−1) và TPC (20,13 mgGAE.g−1) tăng dần theo thời gian siêu âm (15- 30 phút), sau đó giảm nhẹ khi tiếp tục gia tăng thời gian. Hoạt tính kháng oxy thấp nhất (IC50 = 1,57 mg.mL−1) khi gia tăng thời gian lên 45 phút. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hàm lượng polyphenol và hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa phụ thuộc vào độ bền và đặc điểm cấu trúc của các hợp chất dưới tác động của sóng siêu âm. Nghiên cứu này cung cấp cơ sở khoa học cho việc tối ưu hóa quy trình chiết xuất nhằm nâng cao hiệu suất thu nhận và hoạt tính sinh học của các hợp chất polyphenol từ nguồn nguyên liệu thực vật.
Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Update and Review, Paradigm Shift of Rhythm Control
Background: Atrial fibrillation is a worldwide burden to clinical healthcare, characterized by loss of normal sinus node pacemaker activity due to rapid electrical impulses from multiple atrial foci, resulting in ineffective atrial contraction and impaired blood pumping. Although no single etiology exists, atrial fibrillation is associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. atrial fibrillation increases the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and mortality. This review discusses the definition, classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and contemporary management strategies. Main: Atrial fibrillation is commonly classified according European Society of Cardiology to its temporal pattern into first-diagnosed, paroxysmal, persistent, long-standing persistent, and permanent atrial fibrillation. The American Heart Association further recognizes its progression through stages ranging from at-risk and pre- atrial fibrillation states to permanent atrial fibrillation. The American Heart Association’s framework and European Society of Cardiology pathway share a unified principle of management: optimizing cardiovascular risk factors, preventing stroke, and controlling symptoms. Both emphasize integrated care, where comorbidity management and anticoagulation underpin therapy, while symptom control is tailored to individual patient needs. Finding: Emerging evidence supports catheter ablation in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation, including patients with mild heart failure, due to improved long-term cardiovascular outcomes and reduced hospitalizations. AP30663, a novel atrial-selective KCa2 inhibitor, has shown promising antiarrhythmic effects in preclinical studies and was conducted in phase II evaluation. Lifestyle and risk-factor modification, including weight reduction, exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol moderation, and control of hypertension and diabetes, are essential in slowing atrial fibrillation’s progression. Conclusion: Contemporary management increasingly emphasizes early rhythm control, particularly catheter ablation, while novel agents such as AP30663 show promising potential. Long-term management also depends heavily on lifestyle and cardiovascular risk-factor modification.
AI in Healthcare: Promise, Pitfalls, and Future Directions
Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly moved from a niche computational tool to an active participant in healthcare delivery and medical education. Its expanding role now extends beyond diagnosis to clinical trial screening platforms, decision support, physician-facing knowledge tools, and early pilots involving supervised prescription workflow. This review examines the evolution of healthcare AI, from traditional rule-based systems to machine learning, large language models, and multimodal AI, and explores its current applications across clinical practice, public health, and medical education. We discuss the major promises of AI, including improved diagnostic support, earlier disease detection, reduced administrative burden, scalable education, and augmented clinical reasoning. At the same time, we highlight important limitations and risks, including bias, hallucinations, limited generalizability, privacy concerns, automation bias, threats to humanistic care, and challenges to academic integrity. We further examine barriers to implementation, including technical integration, workflow disruption, regulatory uncertainty, and workforce preparedness. While AI offers substantial opportunities to improve healthcare systems and training environments, its impact will depend less on algorithmic capability alone and more on responsible integration, continuous oversight, and preservation of human judgment. Future efforts should prioritize trustworthy, equitable, and human-centered approaches that position AI as a tool to augment rather than replace clinician-patient relationship.
The 2026 ACC/AHA Multisociety Dyslipidemia Guideline and PREVENT-ASCVD Risk Assessment: A Contemporary Clinical Review
Purpose: Dyslipidemia remains a central causal and modifiable driver of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The 2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia represents the most consequential United States lipid management update since the 2018 cholesterol guideline. It restores explicit LDL-C and non-HDL-C treatment goals, expands lifetime lipid assessment, incorporates lipoprotein(a) and apolipoprotein B into risk personalization, and replaces the Pooled Cohort Equations with the American Heart Association PREVENT-ASCVD equations for primary prevention risk assessment. This clinical review summarizes the major changes in the 2026 dyslipidemia guideline and proposes a practical framework for clinical implementation. Key Highlights: The guideline transitions lipid management from a threshold-based approach toward a more structured and individualized strategy. In adults aged 30 to 79 years without known ASCVD or subclinical atherosclerosis and LDL-C levels of 70 to 189 mg/dL, PREVENT-ASCVD is recommended for 10-year risk estimation, while 30-year risk assessment is emphasized in adults aged 30 to 59 years. Lipid-lowering therapy is recommended at lower estimated risk thresholds than in prior Pooled Cohort Equation-based strategies. Key updates include LDL-C goals of <100 mg/dL for low, borderline, or intermediate-risk primary prevention patients and <70 mg/dL for high-risk individuals. Secondary prevention targets include LDL-C <55 mg/dL for very-high-risk ASCVD and <70 mg/dL for ASCVD not classified as very high risk. Additional recommendations include universal adult lipoprotein(a) measurement at least once, selective apolipoprotein B assessment for residual risk evaluation, and earlier incorporation of evidence-based non-statin therapies when statins alone fail to achieve lipid goals. Conclusion: The 2026 dyslipidemia guideline establishes a more aggressive, risk-based, and goal-directed prevention paradigm emphasizing earlier intervention, personalized risk assessment, and timely treatment intensification to reduce residual cardiovascular risk.
ESP Needs Analysis: Developing an ESP Course for Vietnamese Medical Students
This study attempted to investigate the language needs of medical students at Tan Tao University, Tay Ninh Province, Vietnam. Seventeen undergraduates majoring in Medicine, one ESP subject-specific teacher, and three in-service general practitioners participated in the study. Close-ended questionnaires, an open-ended survey, and a semi-structured interview were designed to obtain the needs of different stakeholders. The results of the data triangulation indicated that both students and teachers were generally satisfied with the current Medical English course at Tan Tao University in terms of facilities, coursebook, teaching methodology, and learning activities. However, the language skills provided in the course did not satisfy learners’ needs, as it did not fulfill their language demands in real-life medical settings. In this respect, some suggestions from the ESP teacher and in-service doctors were considered for revising the course.
Teaching Moral Values in Primary Education through English Literature: A Study using Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol
This research investigates the pedagogical value of integrating Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol into primary education as a literary tool for teaching moral virtues. The study examines how the novella can support the development of ethical values such as empathy, generosity, and compassion among young learners. A quantitative research design was adopted by employing survey questionnaires from teachers and students. The results indicate that most teachers perceive the novella as an effective resource for character education, despite certain practical challenges including limited classroom time and varying levels of student engagement. Teachers reported positive perceptions regarding students’ attitudes and behaviour after studying the story. Student responses also demonstrate that literature can contribute to moral awareness and encourage the application of ethical values in everyday social interactions. The findings suggest that literary narratives such as A Christmas Carol can play a meaningful role in character education within primary classrooms. The study contributes to ongoing discussions on the role of literature in shaping moral reasoning and supporting holistic education.
VIETNAMESE PROVERBS: A WINDOW INTO VIETNAMESE CULTURE
This research aims to understand Vietnamese culture through an in-depth examination of over 8,000 Vietnamese proverbs. As an integral part of national tradition, these proverbs stand as a testament to thousands of years of accumulated wisdom and shared experiences. This study examines the core themes present in these proverbs: attitudes towards nature, society, and self. Further, it seeks to highlight the unique aspects of Vietnamese culture by comparing Vietnamese proverbs with their English counterparts. The intent is to illuminate the inherent beauty of the Vietnamese language, as well as to encapsulate the enduring cultural values, individual characteristics, and collective spirit embodied within the Vietnamese populace.
Exploring the Intersection of Vietnamese Culture and Language
The Vietnamese language is intricately intertwined with the cultural values, social structures, and historical backgrounds of Vietnam. This research gives insight into the correlation between Vietnamese culture and the Vietnamese language based on Hostede’s framework (1980). Two cultural aspects of Hofstede’s study, including hierarchy and collectivism, are investigated to offer an in-depth examination of how they are mirrored in the Vietnamese language. The participants of this study were Vietnamese students of English as a foreign or second language (EFL/ESL) at Tan Tao University, Vietnam, speaking English in a daily academic environment. The findings revealed that hierarchy and collectivism have long influenced the use of the Vietnamese language in terms of pronouns, honorifics, and collective words. This study not only corroborates the discipline of sociolinguistics but also gives vital insights into cross-cultural communication and intercultural understanding.
Exploring the Potential Role of C1-Esterase Inhibitor in Preventing Heart Transplant Graft Rejection
Heart transplantation is considered the standard therapy for patients with end-stage heart failure who do not respond to treatment with drugs or devices. Dr. Christian Barnard performed the first heart transplant surgery in South Africa in December 1967. Since then, significant advancements have been made in the use of immunosuppressive drugs and monitoring techniques to detect and prevent post-transplant complications, leading to improved patient survival after surgery. This article discusses the potential of C1 esterase inhibitors in preventing heart transplant rejection and improving survival for end-stage heart failure patients.
The Benefit of Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Based Diets on Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder through the Brain-Gut Axis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent mental conditions in children and young adolescents. While stimulants are the first-line treatment, diet-based supplements, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, are being investigated for their additional benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids influence the microbiota-gut-brain axis through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, modulation of gut microbes, and stimulation of the immune system, highlighting their potential as crucial dietary supplements for individuals with ADHD. This review aims to comprehensively summarize current evidence on the benefits of omega-3 fatty acids in patients with ADHD, both clinically and in terms of biological markers, to elucidate their advantages and underlying mechanisms for future research applications. A comprehensive literature search of relevant studies available in English was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library databases from 1987 until December 2023. Articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in thirty-six studies being included in this review. Twenty-one of the thirty-six studies reported benefits of omega-3, showing improvements in rating scales, behavioral functions, or both. However, two studies indicated that omega-3 supplementation could worsen adverse effects on behavior or aggression rating scales, particularly in pregnant women and newborns with long-term follow-up. Most of the studies focused on children diagnosed with ADHD documenting a reduction in ADHD symptoms among individuals supplementing with omega-3 fatty acids. Our systematic review provides evidence that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial in improving clinical symptoms of ADHD in adolescents and adults, potentially by increasing beneficial gut microorganisms, and removing endotoxins that cause pro-inflammatory responses. Future research should involve larger sample sizes, longer durations, and determination of optimal omega-3 sources for ADHD treatment.
Treatment Outcomes and the Relevant Factors of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke treated at Thong Nhat Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City
Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of disability and mortality globally. Treatment outcomes for AIS patients can vary widely based on several factors, including demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and access to timely interventions. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the treatment outcomes of AIS patients at Thong Nhat Hospital and identify relevant factors influencing these outcomes. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, including AIS patients admitted to Thong Nhat Hospital from Jan, 2023 to March, 2024. Data on patient demographics, clinical presentations, risk factors, treatment methods, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Key outcomes included modified Rankin Scale when discharged and after 90 days of treatment and the related factors which can affect the recovery prognosis. Result: Among the 158 AIS patients studied, 79 patients received reperfusion therapy while 79 others did not. Significant differences in treatment outcomes were observed based on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests results and time to treatment. Patients who received reperfusion therapy demonstrated better functional outcomes (mRS scores) at discharge and 3 months post-treatment compared to those who did not. Additionally, factors such as age group (OR 22.688; 95% CI 1.293 – 398.198, p = 0.033) and initial NIHSS score (OR 2.281; 95% CI 1.103 – 4.715, p = 0.026) were found to influence treatment outcomes significantly. Conclusion: The study highlights the critical role of timely and appropriate treatment in improving outcomes for AIS patients. Identifying and understanding the relevant factors influencing these outcomes can help optimize treatment protocols and enhance patient care at Thong Nhat Hospital. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects of these factors and refine patient management strategies for better clinical outcomes.
Myocarditis: The Role of Viral and Autoimmune Inflammation in Cardiovascular Pathology
Myocarditis, an inflammatory disease of the myocardium, is a significant contributor to acute and chronic cardiac dysfunction, manifesting as heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death, particularly in younger individuals. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between direct viral injury and immune-mediated mechanisms. Viral myocarditis, commonly caused by coxsackievirus, parvovirus B19, and SARS-CoV-2, results from viral invasion of cardiomyocytes, leading to cell lysis, cytokine release, and activation of innate immunity. Autoimmune myocarditis arises when molecular mimicry or systemic autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, trigger sustained immune attacks on myocardial tissue. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, ranging from mild chest pain to fulminant heart failure, complicating diagnosis. Contemporary approaches emphasize multimodal strategies, integrating cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, biomarker profiling, and selective endomyocardial biopsy to improve diagnostic accuracy. Management combines supportive care—addressing heart failure and arrhythmias—with targeted therapies, including immunosuppressants for autoimmune cases and investigational antivirals for viral etiologies. Emerging technologies, notably artificial intelligence, enhance imaging interpretation and prognostic assessment, while novel therapies aim to prevent progression to dilated cardiomyopathy. Public health challenges include underdiagnosis, disparities in access to advanced diagnostics, and the growing burden associated with post-viral pandemics such as COVID-19. Addressing these requires targeted screening of high-risk populations, equitable access to care, and international collaboration to standardize guidelines. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the viral and autoimmune mechanisms of myocarditis, diagnostic advances, therapeutic strategies, and public health implications, highlighting opportunities for innovation to improve patient outcomes and reduce the global burden of this complex cardiovascular disease.
Laparoscopic surgery for Left colon cancer: Clinical features and early outcomes – A single-institution retrospective series
Introduction: Left colon cancer represents a significant proportion of colorectal malignancies and poses challenges in surgical management. Laparoscopic surgery offers potential benefits for treating left colon cancer, but the complex anatomy and risk of complications necessitate careful evaluation of outcomes. While this approach has gained popularity in Vietnam, data on factors influencing early postoperative outcomes in the Vietnamese population are limited. Aims: This study aimed to (1) investigate clinical and laboratory characteristics, (2) evaluate early postoperative outcomes, and (3) identify associated factors in left colon cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic left colectomy at Binh Dan Hospital. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series analysis of 133 patients with left colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic left colectomy at Binh Dan Hospital, Vietnam, from January 2022 to December 2023. Data on demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory findings, imaging results, surgical protocols, and postoperative outcomes were collected from medical records. Results: The mean age of patients was 60.9 ± 1.1 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3:1. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain 86%, changes in bowel habits 68%, and bloody stools 55%. Sigmoid colon was the most frequent tumor location 79.7%. The average operative time was 191.47 ± 52.12 minutes. Early postoperative complications occurred in 8.3% of cases. Factors significantly associated with better outcomes included complete colonoscopy p=0.015 and sigmoid colon tumor location p=0.050 compared to more proximal locations. Postoperative serum albumin levels were also correlated with outcomes p=0.048. Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery for left colon cancer at Binh Dan Hospital demonstrated favorable early outcomes with a low complication rate. Complete preoperative colonoscopy and tumor location were identified as factors influencing early outcomes. Future research should focus on larger, multi-center studies with longer follow-up periods. Efforts to enhance public awareness about colorectal cancer screening, improve preoperative evaluations, and develop standardized perioperative care protocols are recommended to further improve patient.
Acute Coronary Syndrome – A Clinical Update and Review
Background: Acute coronary syndrome continues to pose a major global mortality burden. Many studies have sought to classify and define its major etiology and pathophysiology. This review discusses the definition, classification, etiologies, diagnostic criteria, and differential diagnostic methods, as well as the newest updates in management strategies for each ACS subtype. Main: This review separates acute coronary syndrome into subgroups based on etiology and pathogenesis, including ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), unstable angina, and newer subtypes such as type 2 MI and myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). Management strategies differ for each group: timely reperfusion is emphasized for STEMI, early invasive therapy for high-risk NSTEMI, and evidence-based pharmacotherapy, including dual antiplatelet therapy, high-intensity statins, and renin–angiotensin system inhibitors is indicated for all type of ACS. Secondary prevention through cardiac rehabilitation and lifestyle modification remains essential. Findings: Evidence highlights the importance of early recognition, especially in patients with atypical presentations such as the elderly, women, and individuals with diabetes. Guideline-directed therapies and revascularization have shown to reduce mortality even though complications including arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and heart failure persist. Emerging therapies—such as PCSK9 inhibitors, anti-inflammatory agents, and digital health tools—offer promise in reducing residual risk. Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome continues to account for a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Recognition of subtypes such as type 2 MI and MINOCA has refined management, while early diagnosis, reperfusion, and secondary prevention remain central to improving outcomes. Ongoing challenges highlight the need for precision medicine, novel therapies, and integrated long-term strategies.
Elevated Blood Pressure: A New Definition in Hypertension Guidelines and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Risk and Treatment
Purpose: Hypertension is the most common chronic cardiovascular disorder and a leading risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and management are essential for prevention. The 2024 ESC Guidelines introduced "elevated blood pressure" (systolic BP 120–139 mmHg and/or diastolic BP 70–89 mmHg) as a new category. The new classification is just pronounced within ESC 2024 gave the totally new insight off approach some treatment. Main: Elevated BP represents an intermediate stage between normal BP and hypertension, highlighting the continuum of cardiovascular risk. This category emphasizes risk stratification by integrating BP levels with global CVD risk prediction models (SCORE2, SCORE2-OP, SCORE2-Diabetes) and considering sex-specific and shared non-traditional risk modifiers. Treatment strategies vary according to risk: lifestyle measures are first-line for low-risk individuals, while pharmacological therapy is reserved for those with high-risk conditions, predicted 10-year CVD risk ≥10%, or borderline risk (5–10%) with additional modifiers or abnormal test results. Finding: Evidence supports the benefit of lifestyle interventions in reducing long-term CVD risk among patients with elevated BP. Pharmacological treatment, when indicated, effectively reduces outcomes but should be initiated after a 3-month trial of lifestyle changes in most cases. Exceptions to intensive BP-lowering targets include very old or frail adults, those with symptomatic orthostatic hypotension, advanced CKD, or limited life expectancy, where individualized targets are required. Conclusion: The concept of elevated BP shifts management from fixed thresholds to risk-based strategies, promoting early prevention, individualized assessment, and targeted treatment to improve outcomes while minimizing overtreatment.