Association between vitamin D deficiency and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes

Tóm tắt

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency and sarcopenia are common in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), however evidence from Vietnam remains limited. Objective: to access serum vitamin D levels, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency, and its association with sarcopenia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study in 302 Vietnamese patients aged ≥ 60 years old with T2DM at the National Geriatric Hospital. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the AWGS 2019 criteria, and serum 25(OH)D levels were measured. Results: The mean 25(OH)D level was 65.9 ± 14.5 nmol/l, with 61.3% of participants having vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D insufficiency was more prevalent in sarcopenic than non-sarcopenic patients (77.5%  vs.  51.8%,  p  <  0.001),  and participants with insufficiency had a 3.2-fold higher likelihood of sarcopenia (OR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.88–5.42). Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with reduced muscle mass, lower handgrip strength, slower walking gait speed, and lower SPPB scores, but not with fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c. It was also more frequent among patients receiving insulin with/without oral agents than oral therapy alone. Conclucsion: These findings suggest that vitamin D insufficiency is common among older Vietnamese adults with T2DM and support routine screening and appropriate management, especially in those with sarcopenia.