Architectural solutions for climate adaptation of stilt houses in flood-prone areas of the Mekong Delta

Abstract

The function of a house is not only to protect residences but also to preserve the agreeable correlation of structure, humans, and the environment (Rapoport, 1969). In the upstream regions of the Mekong Delta, climate change has significantly altered flood patterns, directly impacting traditional housing architecture, particularly stilt houses. In the past, stilt houses were designed with elevated floors to prevent flooding, while the space beneath was flexibly used for various activities such as living and production. However, the increasing unpredictability of the flood seasons has forced residents to raise the foundation and adjust house structures to adapt to new conditions. Additionally, traditional decorative elements have gradually been replaced by modern materials due to their practicality. Nevertheless, stilt house structures in flood-prone areas continue to evolve, incorporating additional spaces and adapting functions to better respond to climate impacts. This paper is based on the relationship between the architectural forms and indigenous decorative features of stilt houses, proposing architectural solutions related to climate change, drawn from the experiences of local residents to improve quality of life, minimize environmental impact, and meet the needs of sustainable development in the future.