CORE COMPETENCIES OF STATISTICS INSTRUCTORS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW THROUGH THE TPACK-KSA FRAMEWORK
Keywords
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34238/tnu-jst.14389Abstract
This study aims to synthesize and categorize core competencies for statistics instructors in the context of digital transformation and data science integration, based on evidence from international research, to develop an integrated TPACK-KSA competency framework. This study employs an integrative review methodology to synthesize 13 international studies from 2015–2025 selected from the Scopus database and analyzed through inductive thematic analysis. The findings identify four core competency clusters organized within the integrated TPACK-KSA framework: pedagogical content competency, educational technology competency, psycho-social competency, and equity-ethics competency. The study contributes a theoretical framework for identifying and developing statistics instructor competencies, while also providing guidance for developing professional development programs in the context of digital transformation in Vietnam.Downloads
References
A. L. Phelps and K. A. Szabat, "The current landscape of teaching analytics to business students at institutions of higher education: Who is teaching what?," The American Statistician, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 155-161, 2017, doi: 10.1080/00031305.2016.1277160.
R. A. Méndez-Romero, J. Carter, S. Carrerá-Martínez, M. A. Suavita-Ramírez, and V. Higgins, "Rethinking the teaching of university statistics: Challenges and opportunities learned from the Colombia–UK dialogue," Mathematics, vol. 11, 2023, Art. no. 52, doi: 10.3390/math11010052.
Central Executive Committee, "Resolution No. 29-NQ/TW on fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education and training, meeting the requirements of industrialization and modernization in a socialist-oriented market economy and international integration," 2013.
T. T. H. Pham and T. H. Y. Duong, "Professional development of university lecturers: Some views of lecturers," (in Vietnamese), Ho Chi Minh City University of Education Journal of Science, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 844-855, 2020.
Ministry of Education and Training, "Circular 40/2020/TT-BGDĐT on standards, conditions and procedures for recognition of professor and associate professor titles; procedures for promotion of senior lecturer rank II and senior lecturer rank III," 2020.
World Bank, "Improving the performance of higher education in Vietnam: Strategic priorities and policy options," 2020. [Online]. Available: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/347431588 175259657/pdf/Improving-the-Performance-of-Higher-Education-in-Vietnam-Strategic-Priorities-and-Policy-Options.pdf. [Accessed Oct. 10, 2025].
E. J. Medina-Hernández, J. L. Muñiz, D. S. Guzmán-Aguiar, and A. Holguín-Higuita, "Recursos y estrategias para la enseñanza de la estadística y la analítica de datos en la educación superior," (in Spanish), Formación Universitaria, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 61-68, 2022, doi: 10.4067/S0718-50062022000300061.
A. Bromage, S. Pierce, T. Reader, and L. Compton, "Teaching statistics to non-specialists: Challenges and strategies for success," Journal of Further and Higher Education, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 46-61, 2022, doi: 10.1080/0309877X.2021.1879744.
K. D. Cook and B. A. Catanzaro, "'Constantly working on my attitude towards statistics!' Education doctoral students' experiences with and motivations for learning statistics," Innovative Higher Education, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 257-284, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10755-022-09621-w.
M. C. Vega-Hernández, J. A. G. Alastrué, R. M. Arsenal, and J. M. P. Pérez, "The impact of COVID-19 on teaching in statistics and operations research in higher education," (in Spanish), Bulletin of Statistics and Operations Research, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 173-200, 2020.
L. A. Tabron, K. Hunt-Khabir, and A. K. Thomas, "Disrupting whiteness in introductory statistics course design," in Handbook of Social Justice Interventions in Education, C. A. Mullen, Ed. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2021, pp. 1267-1291, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-35858-7_82.
R. J. Torraco, "Writing integrative literature reviews: Using the past and present to explore the future," Human Resource Development Review, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 404-428, 2016, doi: 10.1177/1534484316671606.
R. Whittemore and K. Knafl, "The integrative review: Updated methodology," Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 546-553, 2005, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x.
P. Mishra and M. J. Koehler, "Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge," Teachers College Record, vol. 108, no. 6, pp. 1017–1054, 2006, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x.
M. J. Page, J. E. McKenzie, P. M. Bossuyt et al., "The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews," BMJ, vol. 372, 2021, Art. no. n71, doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.
V. Braun and V. Clarke, "Using thematic analysis in psychology," Qualitative Research in Psychology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 77-101, 2006, doi: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
L. Yan, "Teaching our teacher assistants to thrive: A reflexive, inclusive approach to scalable undergraduate education," In Proc. 56th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE TS 2025), vol. 1, Pittsburgh, PA, 2025, pp. 1281-1287, doi: 10.1145/3641554.3701950.
A. Jaiswal, A. J. Magana, and M. D. Ward, "Characterizing the identity formation and sense of belonging of the students enrolled in a data science learning community," Education Sciences, vol. 12, no. 10, 2022, Art. no. 731, doi: 10.3390/educsci12100731.
C. K. Lo, K. F. Hew, and G. Chen, "Toward a set of design principles for mathematics flipped classrooms: A synthesis of research in mathematics education," Educational Research Review, vol. 22, pp. 50-73, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.edurev.2017.08.002.
C. E. S. Rosado, L. M. V. Vásquez, J. A. S. Rosado, R. L. T. Bocanegra, and F. M. C. Delgado, "Active pedagogical strategies: A project-based approach for teaching statistics in higher education," (in Spanish), Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, vol. 5, no. 4, 2024, Art. no. e24076, doi: 10.51798/sijis.v5i4.677.
B. Memarian and T. Doleck, "Data science pedagogical tools and practices: A systematic literature review," Educational Information Technologies, vol. 29, pp. 8179-8201, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10639-023-12102-y.
K. Namesnik-Silvester, M. Polak, N. Smits, J. Swinkels, L. Arends, D. Pavlopoulos, A. Psychogyiopoulos, O. Lindemann, S. Klinkenberg, and M. H. M. de Moor, "ShareStats: An open statistics item bank developed by a community of instructors in higher education," Teaching Statistics, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 129-138, 2025, doi: 10.1111/test.12399.