Current situation, challenges and community perception for water security of Ben Tre provine

Abstract

This study analyzes the current status of surface water resources in Ben Tre province in the context of climate change and upstream exploitation of the Mekong River. Findings indicate that Ben Tre faces major challenges, including deep and prolonged saltwater intrusion, increasing surface water pollution due to domestic, agricultural, and aquaculture wastewater; freshwater shortages during the dry season; strong impacts from climate change (sea level rise, reduced river flow); and pressure from urbanization and population growth. The research employs document review, field surveys, GIS applications, and SWOT analysis to assess risks and propose sustainable management strategies. Sociological surveys reveal that the community is aware of pollution and saltwater intrusion issues and is willing to engage in water protection measures, though limited by skills and resources. SWOT analysis highlights strengths such as water resource potential and policy support, but also points out weaknesses in management capacity and threats from climate change and upstream water exploitation. The paper proposes key solutions including integrated water resource management based on ecological zones, investment in climate-adaptive irrigation infrastructure, community awareness enhancement, and the development of multi-stakeholder water governance models to ensure long-term water security for Ben Tre province.