INTEGRATING MODIS SATELLITE DATA AND GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE IN DROUGHT MONITORING IN NINH THUAN PROVINCE, VIETNAM

DOI: 10.18173/2354-1059.2025-0015

Tóm tắt

This study aims to assess the current drought situation in Ninh Thuan province, Vietnam, using remote sensing and GIS technology. Using the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform, the authors calculated the drought indices for Ninh Thuan province using remote sensing indicators extracted from MODIS satellite data, including Land Surface Temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Combined with GIS and remote sensing tools, the study has developed a process for calculating dry indicators: Temperature Condition Index, Vegetation Condition Index, and Vegetation Health Index. Subsequently, the study generated the drought hazard map of Ninh Thuan province based on the VHI drought index with drought levels from extreme to no drought. Results indicate that the drought severity has been increasing gradually since 2000 and has become dominant in 2005, with the drought levels from moderate to extreme occupying an area of 187,724.75 ha, and equal to 56 percent of the study area. Spatially, severe and extreme drought conditions are primarily found in the coastal plains, particularly in the districts of Thuan Bac, Thuan Nam, Ninh Hai, Ninh Phuoc, and Phan Rang - Thap Cham. In contrast, drought intensity decreases in the western districts, such as Bac Ai and Ninh Son. The research also examined drought levels in relation to agricultural areas in Ninh Thuan province, thereby assessing the impact of drought on the province's agricultural sector in the context of climate change.