Prediction of water leakages in water distribution network using machine learning techniques: A case study for Trung An water supply system - Ho Chi Minh city

Abstract

    The drag reduction ability of a surfactant solution for saving pump energy of a fluid recirculation system has been studied experimentally in the laboratory scale. Pump capacity can be increased by up to over 10% for the surfactant solution 400ppm x10. The addition of a small amount of surfactant additive causes a significant drag reduction in turbulence in turbulent pipe flow. Thus, surfactant additives are suitable for fluid circulation systems such as heating and cooling systems in which the pump capacity is large.