ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆN TRẠNG VÀ ĐỊNH HƯỚNG KHAI THÁC, SỬ DỤNG VÀ BẢO VỆ TÀI NGUYÊN NƯỚC DƯỚI ĐẤT VÙNG KHAN HIẾM NƯỚC KHU VỰC BẮC TRUNG BỘ

Abstract

Currently, the shortage of freshwater is still prevalent in water-scarce regions throughout Viet Nam, notably the North Central region with 4 provinces: Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, and Quang Tri. There are currently about 21,125 small-diameter wells in operation, with a total flow rate of approximately 61,100 m3/day, and there still are 198,865 people who lack water, corresponding to a demand of 15,909 m3/day. The water usage demand by 2030 is estimated at 16,472 m3/day. Therefore, in this report, the authors will focus on researching and evaluating the current status and orientations for the exploitation, utilization, and protection of groundwater resources in the water-scarce of the North Central region. The research results show that the area has 11 water-bearing formations in terrigenous sediments, metamorphic sediments, Neogene Volcanic eruptions, Triassic, Ordovician-Silurian, Devonian, and Carboniferous-Permian periods, with an expected exploitation flow rate of 10,237 m3/day, capable of supplying water for a total of 102,370 people with a water usage standard of 100 liters/person/day. The report has identified sanitary protection zones for residential water supply and recharge zones (replenishment areas) for particular projects, with a minimum radius of 20 meters for each project and a protection area of 3.0 to 12.0 km2 for the recharge zones, in order to reasonably and sustainably exploitation, utilization, and protection of groundwater resources.