In-vitro evaluations of the stability, mucoadhesiveness, and biological compatibility of fibroin nanopaticles derived from Nam Dinh silk

Abstract

Fibroin nanoparticles have been extensively studied, particularly in drug delivery applications. However, several critical properties of these systems, including stability, mucoadhesiveness, and biocompatibility, have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Hence, this study aimed to in-vitro evaluate these properties of fibroin and fibroin nanoparticles derived from Nam Dinh silk. The fibroin nanoparticles, prepared via co-precipitation, exhibited an average particle size of approximately 0.167 µm, with a particle formation efficiency of 72.83±2.25%. The FT-IR spectroscopy revealed specific signals of fibroin, with distinct peaks corresponding to amide I, II, and III. Both fibroin and fibroin nanoparticles displayed semi-crystalline structures. In simulated gastrointestinal conditions, the nanoparticles exhibited a high stability of 99.8%. Additionally, fibroin and fibroin nanoparticles showed no irritation in the HET-CAM assay and demonstrated strong mucin adhesion (54.48±0.73%). In conclusion, fibroin and fibroin nanoparticles possess high stability within physiological environments, excellent mucoadhesiveness, and high biocompatibility, making them suitable for oral drug deliveries.