EXTRACTION PROCESS OPTIMIZATION AND INVESTIGATION OF TOTAL POLYPHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENTS, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CALABUR TREE LEAF EXTRACT (Muntingia calabura L.)

Abstract

Extraction of a total ethanolic leaf extract from Muntingia calabura L. species was optimized the parameters of process to maximize the yield. The optimization was designed by using response surface methodology for independent factors such as extraction temperature, ratio of solvent (ethanol) to materials, and time. The optimized conditions of total ethanolic extract were attained at 80 °C, 19 mL/g, and 36 minutes. The study also quantified total polyphenol, flavonoid as well as DPPH free radical scavenging ability in ethanolic extract and fractions. In the ethyl acetate fraction, the total content of flavonoid, polyphenol, and free radical scavenging ability reached the highest, respectively: 93.3 (mg/g); 319.0 (mg/g), and IC50 as 6.25 µg/mL.