Integrity and practicing integrity (through the study of bureaucracy under the Lê - Trịnh period in the 17th and 18th centuries)

DOI: 10.18173/2354-1067.2022-0022

Abstract

In the ethics of mandarins in the monarchy, integrity is always the most important thing. Practicing integrity is also the most difficult job for each office in the face of the domination and temptation of interests and materialism. From the study of the connotation of integrity and the principle of practicing integrity of mandarins, this article examines the practice of integrity of mandarins under the Lê - Trịnh period in Tonkin in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Through analyzing the specific events and people, the article aims to clarify the two aspects “integrity” and “non-integrity” in the political career of some mandarins, thereby contributing to defining more clearly the status of bureaucracy in Tonkin during this period.