The impacts of climate change, socio-economic, political, and demographic factors on international migration in Asia

Tóm tắt

Migration has been a major concern in Asia for the past three decades, with international migration being more widely studied than migration resulting from climate change factors, such as temperature, rainfall, CO₂ emissions, and other environmental factors. To address this gap in the literature, a study was conducted using random effects, fixed effects, and generalized least squares regressions for the short run, as well as FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR regressions for the long run, to investigate the effects of climate change and key economic factors on migration in a sample of Asian countries from 1990 to 2020, using five-year interval data. The findings showed that climate change factors, including temperature and rainfall, have had a significant and positive impact on migration from these Asian nations. Additionally, in the short run, the results also identify the cointegrating effects of economic, social, political and demographic factors on international migration. The economic growth, rule of law, and population density have contributed to the increase in migration over the past three decades; meanwhile both rule of law and population density positively affect international migration in the long run.