Overview and development trends of electric motor in electric vehicles

Abstract

As the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to grow rapidly, improvements in electric motor systems are becoming increasingly critical to enhancing the efficiency, performance, and sustainability of these vehicles. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the types of electric motors currently used in EVs, including switched reluctance motors (SRMs), induction motors (IMs), direct current motors (DCMs), and permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). It also examines emerging trends in the development of electric vehicle drive motors, such as advanced winding technologies, innovative materials, and optimized control solutions. This discussion offers readers a holistic understanding of the significance of electric motors in EVs and highlights recent scientific advancements in this field.