Research on proposed solutions to minimize environmental problems in mining and mineral processing in Phu Yen

Abstract

Mineral exploitation and processing in Phu Yen generate a significant amount of waste, often concentrated in waste dumps. Waste dumps in mining areas consist of overburden, interburden, and some ore that does not meet industrial requirements at the time of extraction. In addition to solid waste, dust and wastewater from mining and mineral processing are major sources of environmental pollution. The level of pollution in mining and mineral processing can vary depending on the type of mineral being extracted, the mining method, the mining capacity, and the responsibility of the mining company. The sources of impact and the affected objects in the mining process need to be assessed at each stage: mine construction, operation, and closure. The main impacts of the mining process on the environment include loss of vegetation cover, alteration of natural terrain, land use, alteration of the hydrological network, pollution of surface and groundwater, changes in groundwater levels, air pollution, and biodiversity decline in the mining area.

Due to the relatively long operation time of mining projects, the amount of waste is quite large and the impact on the environment is complex, affecting all environmental components. Moreover, outdated and fragmented mining and mineral processing technologies further increase the risk of environmental pollution. Based on mining practices and real-world experience, the author believes that to meet the sustainable development requirements of the mining industry, environmental issues related to mineral exploitation and processing must be comprehensively and harmoniously.