Ô nhiễm dầu khó nhận biết và đề xuất giải pháp quản lý

Abstract

The activities of exploiting, processing, transporting, storing, and utilizing petroleum products inherently pose a risk of serious environmental pollution, especially due to oil spills. While current research and management measures mainly focus on visible oil spills, a significant gap remains in identifying, assessing, and controlling a form of "invisible oil contamination"—oil contamination in water or soil that is not observable to the naked eye. This type of contamination quietly arises from maritime, industrial, mining, transportation, tourism, and daily living activities, causing severe impacts on ecosystems, water quality, and public health. This study focuses on examining the current status of oil spill response capacity in Vietnam, identifying the mechanisms of generation and characteristics of invisible oil contamination, and assessing the level of this contamination in Quang Ninh province—an area with highly developed exploitation, transportation, and industrial activities. Based on these findings, the research proposes feasible technical and management solutions to enhance the effectiveness of oil pollution prevention, response, and control. This contributes to providing a scientific and practical basis for perfecting management policies, strengthening the capacity to control invisible oil contamination, and moving towards the sustainable protection of water environments and ecosystems.