ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA TUYẾN KÈ HIỆN HỮU VÀ GIẢI PHÁP CÔNG TRÌNH ĐỀ XUẤT MỚI ĐỐI VỚI CHẾ ĐỘ THỦY-THẠCH ĐỘNG LỰC BIỂN VEN BỜ MŨI CÀ MAU NHẰM BẢO VỆ VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN VÙNG ĐẤT MŨI

Abstract

From 2005, the erosion rate at south coast of Ca Mau Cape has accelerated rapidly. In 2012, based only on practical experience and for urgent response to the situation, the local government had built special framed breakwater of about 1,700 m long to protect the coast of Ca Mau resort and it initially has promoted anti-erosion effects at the beach behind. This paper provides assessments and predictions of its impact on the hydro-morphodynamical regime of Ca Mau Cape coastal zone by mathematical modeling. The simulation results and surveying at site show that the rate of sea bed erosion outside the framed breakwater is accelerating rapidly. It can be a factor causing instability of the framed breakwater. Beside that, the framed breakwater almost blocked the inner mangrove forest area and it has only the local short-term protection value. Based on analyses of shoreline dynamics, coastal hydro-morphodynamical around Ca Mau Cape and topographical features of Ca Mau alluvial platform, the authors proposed a breakwater for preventing wave, training coastal current, restoring and growing the mangrove to protect Ca Mau Cape in combination with the tourism development strategy of Ca Mau Cape in order to sustainably develop this Vietnamese special region. The paper also provides the results of forecasting the impact of the proposed breakwater by mathematical modeling and the analysis of this engineering effectiveness.