Một số vấn đề về tiềm năng nguồn nước mặt và sử dụng nước phía trên châu thổ Mê Công
Abstract
Changes in the flow of the Mekong River have been studied a lot in recent years, especially when the upstream reservoir has developed rapidly over the past few decades, however, research on changes / fluctuations in water sources are still limited, therefore our research focuses on this issue.
The study is based on data from the Mekong River Commission (MRC) and some of Vietnam, using statistical analysis, comparison, from which some important conclusions have been drawn out. These results include: water use in the Mekong Delta has been increasing rapidly over the past 10 years, currently (2020) stands at about 24 billion m3, accounting for about 5.7% of water resources potential in medium water year (P = 50%) and about 7.3% in low water year (P = 90%).
In the period 1960-2019, the basin's potential flow (on Kratie) remained quite stable: with an average annual volume of about 420 billion m3, in a slight increase trend, about 0.056% / year; Meanwhile, the actual annual flow with a total volume of about 410.2 billion m3 tends to decrease slightly, at about 0.022% / year, due to the rapid increase in water use over the past decade. In the coming time, the above statistical characteristics are continuing to change.
