Nghiên cứu ứng dụng mô hình sinh thái cây trồng DSSAT và dữ liệu viễn thám trong mô phỏng, đánh giá năng suất lúa theo các kịch bản cấp nước

Abstract

In recent years, droughts and water shortage become more in severe both in frequency and scale. The increasing occurrence included is irrigation systems, for example in the Central region in 2015- 2016 and 2019-2020. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct researching on methodologies and tools to assess the impact of water shortage on crop productivity. This paper presents the results of a research recently conducted at Nam Hung Nghi irrigation system, which focused on the application of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model, in which impacts of various irrigation water supply scenarios on rice crop growth and yield were assessed. The calibrated and validated DSSAT model using global open-source and remote sensing data provided simulation and forecast of rice yield under various water shortage scenarios, including the reduction of the amount of water to 20%, 30%, 50%, 60% of water supply for each stage or the whole growth process. When irrigation was reduced by 60%, the result showed that rice yield had the greatest risk of a decrease of 1.7 quintals/ha (3.2%) at the flowering stage and 4.1 quintals/ha (7.8%) at the growing stage. These are valuable information and results that can be used in the development of water supply scenarios, thereby ensuring a fair and reasonable allocation of water resources, and adaptation to climate change for different water users in the irrigation system.