N-Guanylurea dinitramide: Optimal synthesis process, basic properties and spectroscopic data

Abstract

N-Guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN), also known as FOX-12, is indeed a fascinating organic dinitramide salt with high insensitivity and good thermal stability. It shows great promise for use in next-generation insensitive munitions. In this study, GUDN was synthesized through the nitration reaction of ammonium sulfamate salt with an acid mixture (HNO₃/H₂SO₄) and guanylurea salts in water. The optimal conditions for this synthesis have been determined, including reaction temperature at -40 ^oC, the nitration reaction time of 45 minutes, and specific molar ratios of the components, which include guanylurea sulfate, ammonium sulfamate, and the mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid. Additionally, various properties and spectral data of GUDN, such as FTIR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC-TG, XRD, and UV-Vis, have been thoroughly studied in the referenced article.