Ambient air quality in Hanoi Capital: The current status and potential health risk of exposure

Abstract

Ambient air pollution in Hanoi is the most popular concern of not only the capital’s citizens but also soldiers which are garrisoned there. In this study, PM10, PM2.5, total particulate matter, O₃, SO₂, CO, NO₂ and NH₃ in ambient air at eight manual stations were determined four times in 2024. Moreover, analysis results of samples at both dry and wet deposition stations were calculated. That all data were combined with others from various sources to assess the status of ambient air in Hanoi and recognize the potential of citizens and local soldiers’ health impacts. The results showed that Hanoi’s ambient air quality was influenced by PM10, PM2.5 as well as total particulate matter. Even though, during the monitoring time of this study, some published data from various sources indicated that the quality of ambient air in Hanoi was not good, all air quality indicators in this research met the limit values in Vietnam national technical standard for ambient air quality QCVN 05:2023/BTNMT. The consequences of long-term exposure to particle pollution air can increase the risk of some diseases relating to respiratory, cardiovascular, and blood pressure, and particulate matter can also carry other toxins into the human body.