A study on some clinical, paraclinical characteristics and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2025

Abstract

Objectives: (1) To describe some clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. (2) To evaluate certain risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with T2DM. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 360 outpatients diagnosed with T2DM at Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in 2025. Results: The average age of participants was 67.72 years. The most common age group was 60–79 years (69.16%). The female-to-male ratio was 1.13:1. The average duration of diabetes was 8.68 ± 7.05 years, with the majority (49.44%) in the 5–10 year group. Patients with comorbid hypertension accounted for 68.89%, dyslipidemia 60.83%, and coronary artery disease 11.94%. Proteinuria was found in 21.67% of patients, while 18.33% had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73m². Target HbA1C and fasting plasma glucose control rates were 43.06% and 28.33%, respectively. Only 18.33% of patients followed all five recommended measures for CKD prevention, with adherence to dietary recommendations particularly low (32.78%). Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes predominantly affects older adults aged 60–79 years. Hypertension and dyslipidemia are common comorbidities. The rates of glycemic control and adherence to kidney complication prevention guidelines remain low.