Clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and associated factors in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease examined at the Hai Phong University Of Medicine Hospital

Abstract

(1) Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and identify associated factors in patients presenting with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) examined at the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Cytopathology Unit, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from October 2024 to March 2025. The study population included patients indicated for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, selected according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected from medical records and upper GI endoscopy findings, and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. (3) Results: The most common symptoms were acid regurgitation (67.9%), epigastric pain (52.3%), and dry cough (38.5%). A body mass index (BMI) >25 was found in 58.7% of patients. Endoscopic lesions classified as grade A and B accounted for the majority (72.5%). The GERD-Q score showed significance in predicting the severity of mucosal damage. Conclusion: GERD often presents with multiple simultaneous symptoms. Risk factors such as obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption are clearly associated with the severity of esophagitis.