THE PRACTICE OF DĀNA AMONG MONKS, NUNS, AND BUDDHISTS IN SOUTHEAST VIETNAM AT PRESENT

Abstract

Dāna Pāramitā (the Perfection of Giving) constitutes one of the six foundational Buddhist practices for attaining enlightenment. In Buddhist tradition, Dāna Pāramitā encompasses three forms of giving: material giving (tài thí), Dharma giving (pháp thí), and the giving of courage or fearlessness (vô úy thí). Based on qualitative research conducted at eight Buddhist institutions in Southeast Vietnam and secondary sources, it shows that monks, nuns, and Buddhists in the Southeast region have engaged in various charitable activities - such as caring for orphans and the elderly living alone, providing charitable housing for impoverished households, and supporting public welfare efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through these activities, they simultaneously practice the giving of courage, as they offer encouragement and comfort to those who are less fortunate or facing distress. The practice of Dharma giving not only helps Buddhists cultivate positive awareness and conduct in life, but also contributes to emotional healing.