RELIGIOUS PRACTICES OF BUDDHISTS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN REGION: AN APPROACH FROM MAX WEBER’S THEORY OF SOCIAL ACTION

Abstract

Drawing upon qualitative data obtained through participant observation and comprehensive interviews conducted at pagodas in Ho Chi Minh City, Tay Ninh, and Dong Nai, this article examines the significance of religious practices among Buddhists in the Southeast region through the lens of Max Weber's social action theory (encompassing value rationality, purpose rationality, tradition, and emotion which reflect the diversity inherent in Buddhists' motivations and religious practices). The findings reveal that Buddhists in the Southeast region not only embrace Buddhist teachings but also engage in active practices, interpretations, and the construction of meaning regarding their beliefs. Importantly, the significance they attribute to their religious practices evolves over time, transitioning from initial emotional responses and traditional influences to more profound value orientations and ethical ideals. This study enhances the applicability of Weber's theory within the context of Vietnamese Buddhism while underscoring the agency of Buddhists as active participants in contemporary religious life.