Study on Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of a Two-Stage Planetary Gearbox Used in Mine Hoists

Abstract

Planetary gearboxes are widely applied in mine hoists due to their high torque transmission capability, compact structure, and high efficiency. However, under actual operating conditions characterized by heavy loads and variable working regimes, planetary drive systems are strongly affected by nonlinear factors, leading to complex vibrations and adversely impacting system stability, durability, and reliability. In this study, a two-stage planetary drive system of a JK2.5×2.0 mine hoisting gearbox is selected and modeled using 3D CAD software (Inventor, SolidWorks). Subsequently, a dynamic model of the transmission system is established based on a multibody dynamics CAE platform (ANSYS Workbench) to investigate the dynamic behavior of the system. The impact dynamics problem is solved using the LS-DYNA solver within a nonlinear dynamic framework, enabling accurate simulation of contact–separation processes, sliding–rolling behavior, impulse transmission, and short-time stress wave propagation. Simulation results indicate that impact events generate high contact force peaks and significant dynamic stresses at several characteristic meshing pairs. The vibration amplitude increases markedly with impact intensity and backlash magnitude, resulting in a high risk of stress concentration and premature damage at the gear tooth root and contact surfaces. Moreover, the dynamic simulation reveals that meshing impacts between the second-stage planetary gears and the ring gear constitute the primary source of vibration. In practical applications, gear meshing impacts can be mitigated by selecting appropriate lubrication methods. This study provides a scientific basis for structural parameter selection, optimal design of backlash and system stiffness, as well as the development of damping strategies to enhance the dynamic stability of planetary gearboxes used in mine hoisting winch systems.