Antipyretic activity of Calotropis gigantea, Vernonia cinerea, and Cissampelos pareira extracts on lipopolysaccharide-induced pyrexia in rabbits

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the antipyretic activity of Calotropis gigantea (CG), Vernonia cinerea (VC), and Cissampelos pareira (CP) extracts. Rabbits were received an intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after being orally administered with the plant extracts or paracetamol, a reference drug. The treatment of CG and VC ethanolic extract (125 and 250 mg/kg) and paracetamol (150 mg/kg) significantly reduced LPS-induced pyrexia. Moreover, ethyl acetate fraction (50 mg/kg) of CG showed a more significant effect in lowering the hyperthermia than dichloromethane, n-butanol fraction, or water residue. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that CG and VC ethanolic extract possess antipyretic activity. Besides, the components in the ethyl acetate fraction of CG play an important role in the antipyretic property of this herb.