PHÂN LOẠI CHỮ KÝ ĐIỆN TỬ: SO SÁNH TIẾP CẬN PHÁP LÝ CỦA HOA KỲ, LIÊN MINH CHÂU ÂU VÀ VIỆT NAM

Abstract

In the context of the growing use of electronic signatures, their classification based on appropriate criteria helps determine the level of reliability, technical requirements, and corresponding legal validity of each type of signature. Legal systems around the world adopt different approaches to classifying electronic signatures, with significant variations in criteria and legislative orientation. This article analyzes the trends, criteria, and purposes of such classifications; compares the approaches of U.S. and European Union (EU) law; and, on that basis, proposes recommendations to improve Vietnam’s legal framework on electronic signatures in a consistent manner, aligned with practical needs and  harmonized  with  international trends.