Creating a Next-Generation Industrial Ecosystem in Vietnam

An Integrated Approach to Spatial Planning and a Dual Transformation Strategy of "Greening and Digitalization"

Abstract

Against the backdrop of global economic volatility—characterized by supply chain reconfiguration and the emergence of environmental non-tariff barriers such as the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR)—Vietnam’s traditional industrial park (IP) development model, reliant on static comparative advantages, faces the dual risks of ecological obsolescence and diminishing competitiveness. This paper analyzes structural bottlenecks within the spatial organization and governance of the existing IP ecosystem. By synthesizing empirical data and benchmarking against successful transition models in South Korea, Japan, and Denmark, this study proposes a "Twin Transition" strategy. This strategy serves as a theoretical and practical framework that synergistically integrates green spatial planning with digital governance infrastructure. This approach represents a pivotal solution for Vietnam to forge new competitive advantages, capture the wave of new-generation FDI, and realize the Net Zero goal by 2050.