Karl Marx’s ideology of nations, national revolutions, and the adoption and adaptation in Vietnam practices

Abstract

Nation and national revolution are crucial components of a proletarian revolution. Therefore, Marxist - Leninists have shown their interests in and built revolutionary theory and practice to recognize and resolve issues related to nations, national revolutions in specific countries, and the proletarian revolutionary movement in the world. In Marx’s theory, compared to the issue of workers, the issue of ethnicity took a minor proportion. However, throughout his work, he had never taken ethnicity and ethnics minor issues. He considered national movements as an integral part of wars for class conflicts, for human freedom, for national and continental freedom. Creatively and selectively applying Marxism in Vietnam‘s practices, we have achieved successes in conceptualizing nations and ethnic classification, ethnicity, and the history of Vietnam as a nation-state. It also helps us to succeed in the revolutionary for national freedom led by the Communist party to win over the control of colonialism and feudalism as well as to free individuals from any kind of exploitation and oppression within each ethnic and amongst ethnics in the multi-ethnic country. We have built a unified nation-state Vietnam which belongs to all ethnicities, where all are equal in rights and obligations, respectful, solidary, and supportive to common development. We abandon and prohibit all ethnic discrimination and separation and harmonize ethnic relations