Kindred Beliefs and Ethnic Solidarity among the Hmong and Kho-mu

Abstract

Kindred family, a traditional social institution, is very important in Hmong and Kho-mu communities. In particular, kindred religious beliefs are the basis of and play a cohesive role in family members becoming a unit. Up to now, the kindred families of the Hmong and Kho-mu ethnic groups have preserved many beliefs that are typical cultural characteristics of every kindred. The Hmong and Kho-mu kindred beliefs do not only make their families close-knit, but also keep their communities in a state of unity.