Tác động của các dự án thủy điện Tây Nguyên đến sinh kế và văn hóa của người dân tái định cư

Tóm tắt

The author points out that the hydroelectric projects carried out in the Vietnam Central Highlands have positive and negative impacts on the livelihoods and culture of the resettled local people, particularly on the cultivation, animal husbandry, natural resource gathering and utilization, village/housing planning and building. The positive impacts include the promotion of application of modern techniques to cultivation and animal husbandry; expansion of different careers; more jobs for those who were resettled; changes in cultivated crops and domestic animals as well as in economic structure. However, the hydroelectric projects’ impacts are more negative than positive. The important living conditions of the resettled people today are much worse, for instance, the changing from sufficient cultivated land to insufficient or even no cultivated land; rich land into poor land; developed animal husbandry into underdeveloped husbandry; abundant natural resources into overexploited ones; traditional houses and villages into non-traditional ones. Accordingly, the negative impacts contribute to cause unemployment, social evils, poverty, forest destruction, decline of ethnic cultures and resettled people’s faith in the governmental regime.