RESEARCH ON OPTIMIZING THE STRUCTURE OF A CO2 LASER ENGRAVING MACHINE USING CNC TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

This paper presents a study on the design and optimization of a CO₂ laser engraving machine using CNC technology to improve accuracy, processing speed, and operational stability. Based on a survey of existing small-power CO₂ laser machines, the system is designed with four main parts: mechanical system, optical system, CNC control system, and cooling system. The machine frame structure is optimized using numerical simulation to increase rigidity, reduce vibration, and improve thermal stability.

The machine has overall dimensions of 1000×1000×500 mm, a working area of 600×600×200 mm, and uses a 40W CO₂ laser tube with a wavelength of 10.6 µm. Simulation and testing results show that the optimized structure ensures durability, reduces weight by approximately 12%, achieves machining accuracy of 0,01 mm, a maximum engraving speed of 500 mm/s, and stable operation within a temperature range of 25÷30°C. The results confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solution for training and small-scale production.