Prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression among women in Buon Ma Thuot city, Vietnam

Abstract

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a widespread condition that can severely impact both mothers and their children. Its prevalence varies across regions, and in the Central Highlands, PPD often remains undiagnosed and untreated. This study aims to determine the prevalence of PPD and identify the associated factors among women residing in Buon Ma Thuot City. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 363 women with infants aged 4 to 48 weeks. PPD was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), with related factors evaluated through a semi-structured questionnaire. The findings revealed a PPD prevalence of 12.7% (95% CI: 9.2% - 16.1%) at an EPDS cut-off score of 13. Multivariate analysis identified several significant risk factors, including living alone (PR = 2.81, p = 0.008), low income (PR = 2.23, p = 0.010), dissatisfaction from the husband’s family regarding the child’s gender (PR = 2.31, p < 0.045), and marital conflict (PR = 5.84, p < 0.001). These findings highlight the considerable prevalence of PPD in Buon Ma Thuot City, with key contributing factors rooted in family dynamics, socioeconomic status, and cultural attitudes. Addressing these risk factors through comprehensive interventions is crucial for reducing the incidence of PPD and improving maternal well-being.